Wilkniss S M, Jones M G, Korol D L, Gold P E, Manning C A
Department of Psychology, University of Virginia, USA.
Psychol Aging. 1997 Jun;12(2):372-5. doi: 10.1037//0882-7974.12.2.372.
Spatial learning abilities in younger adults and in healthy elderly adults were examined in 2 tasks. In the first task, participants were tested for their ability to recall relevant route information as well as to recognize and to order temporally landmark information observed along the route. Older participants had relatively greater difficulty retracing the route and temporospatially ordering landmarks but were equally good at recognition of landmarks occurring on the route. In the second task, participants memorized a 2-dimensional representation of a route and subsequently navigated the route from memory. Older participants had greater difficulty memorizing the route and navigating it. Errors of omission, commission, wrong, and forced choice were analyzed. Group differences in the pattern of errors differed by task.
在两项任务中对年轻成年人和健康老年人的空间学习能力进行了测试。在第一项任务中，测试了参与者回忆相关路线信息以及识别和按时间顺序排列沿途观察到的地标信息的能力。年长的参与者在回溯路线和按时间空间顺序排列地标方面相对更困难，但在识别路线上出现的地标方面同样出色。在第二项任务中，参与者记住了一条路线的二维表示，随后凭记忆导航该路线。年长的参与者在记忆路线和导航方面有更大的困难。分析了遗漏错误、委托错误、错误和强制选择。错误模式的组间差异因任务而异。
