Kogut M, Tellez G, McGruder E, Hargis B, DeLoach J
USDA-ARS, Food Animal Protection Research Laboratory, College Station, Texas, USA.
Adv Exp Med Biol. 1997;412:413-20. doi: 10.1007/978-1-4899-1828-4_64.
Research on the control of intestinal and tissue colonization of breeder and table-egg producing flocks by invasive Salmonella enteritidis (SE) has focused on the advancement of anti-salmonella feed additives, microbiological strategies, and the development of vaccines. Recent investigations in our laboratories have concentrated on the development of immunoprophylactic measures to control Salmonella infections. We have found an increased resistance to Salmonella enteritidis (SE) organ infectivity in chickens conferred by the prophylactic administration of SE-immune lymphokines (SE-ILK). Fowl typhoid, caused by Salmonella gallinarum (SG), is a septicemic disease of domestic birds resulting in morbidity with moderate to very high mortality within the first 2 weeks of age. The objective of the present studies was to evaluate the effect of a prophylactic treatment of neonatal broiler chicks with lymphokines derived from S. enteritidis (SE)-immunized chickens (SE-ILK) on the birds' resistance to an experimental infection with S. gallinarum (SG). On the day-of- hatch, chicks were intraperitoneally administered either SE-ILK, control nonimmune lymphokines (NILK), or nothing. Thirty min later, all chicks were gavaged with either 10(4) cfu or 10(6) cfu SG. For 10 days after challenge, the chicks were observed twice daily for morbidity and mortality. Chicks that died during the experiment had their livers cultured for SG. Chicks that survived throughout the 10 day experimental period were killed and their livers, spleens, and cecal tonsils cultured for SG. The prophylactic treatment of chickens with SE-ILK induced significant protection against an extraintestinal SG infections when compared to NILK as evidenced by: 1) a significant reduction (P < 0.005) in the mortality of chicks challenged with either 10(4) and 10(6) cfu sg; 2) increased average weight gains of chicks challenged with either 10(4) and 10(6) efu SG; and 3) a significant (P < 0.001) reduction in the total number of SG-organ-culture positive chicks. The results suggest that the prophylactic administration of SE-ILK can non-specifically confer protection to chicks against a pathogenic salmonellae as seen by reduced morbidity, mortality, and organ infectivity of SG in broiler chicks while enhancing weight gain during the first ten days of life.
针对侵袭性肠炎沙门氏菌（SE）对种鸡和蛋鸡肠道及组织定植的控制研究，主要集中在抗沙门氏菌饲料添加剂的改进、微生物学策略以及疫苗的研发上。我们实验室最近的研究集中在开发免疫预防措施以控制沙门氏菌感染。我们发现，预防性给予SE免疫淋巴细胞因子（SE-ILK）可增强鸡对肠炎沙门氏菌（SE）器官感染的抵抗力。禽伤寒由鸡沙门氏菌（SG）引起，是家禽的一种败血性疾病，在雏鸡1至2周龄时发病率较高，死亡率可达中到极高水平。本研究的目的是评估用来自肠炎沙门氏菌（SE）免疫鸡的淋巴细胞因子（SE-ILK）对新生肉仔鸡进行预防性处理，对其抵抗鸡沙门氏菌（SG）实验性感染的影响。在雏鸡出壳当天，给雏鸡腹腔注射SE-ILK、对照非免疫淋巴细胞因子（NILK）或不做处理。30分钟后，所有雏鸡经口灌服10⁴cfu或10⁶cfu的SG。攻毒后10天内，每天观察雏鸡两次，记录发病和死亡情况。实验期间死亡的雏鸡取肝脏进行SG培养。在整个10天实验期存活的雏鸡处死后，取其肝脏、脾脏和盲肠扁桃体进行SG培养。与NILK相比，用SE-ILK对鸡进行预防性处理可显著保护鸡抵抗肠外SG感染，表现为：1）用10⁴和10⁶cfu的SG攻毒的雏鸡死亡率显著降低（P<0.005）；2）用10⁴和10⁶cfu的SG攻毒的雏鸡平均体重增加；3）SG器官培养阳性雏鸡总数显著减少（P<0.001）。结果表明，预防性给予SE-ILK可非特异性地保护雏鸡抵抗致病性沙门氏菌，表现为肉仔鸡SG的发病率、死亡率和器官感染性降低，同时在出生后前十天体重增加。
