Yousuf H M, Englund J, Couch R, Rolston K, Luna M, Goodrich J, Lewis V, Mirza N Q, Andreeff M, Koller C, Elting L, Bodey G P, Whimbey E
Section of Infectious Diseases, University of Texas M.D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston 77030, USA.
Clin Infect Dis. 1997 Jun;24(6):1095-9. doi: 10.1086/513648.
Influenza is one of the most important respiratory diseases of mankind, yet scant data exist concerning the frequency and clinical course of influenza in severely immunocompromised adults. From October 1993 to September 1994, we cultured the respiratory secretions of all adults with leukemia who were hospitalized with an acute respiratory illness at The University of Texas M.D. Anderson Cancer Center in Houston. During a 9-week period from 29 November 1993 to 29 January 1994, influenza virus type A (H3N2) was isolated from 15 (33%) of these 45 hospitalized adults. Twelve (80%) of the cases of influenza were associated with pneumonia, and four patients (33%) with pneumonia died. Patients who died tended to have received chemotherapy more recently and to be more myelosuppressed. Autopsy examination in two cases revealed histopathologic changes consistent with viral pneumonia. During community outbreaks, influenza is a frequent cause of serious respiratory disease in hospitalized adults with leukemia. Effective prophylactic and therapeutic regimens need to be defined for immunocompromised patients.
流感是人类最重要的呼吸道疾病之一，但关于严重免疫功能低下成年人流感的发病频率和临床病程的数据却很少。1993年10月至1994年9月，我们对休斯顿德克萨斯大学MD安德森癌症中心因急性呼吸道疾病住院的所有成年白血病患者的呼吸道分泌物进行了培养。在1993年11月29日至1994年1月29日的9周时间里，从这45名住院成年患者中的15名（33%）分离出了甲型（H3N2）流感病毒。其中12例（80%）流感病例合并肺炎，4例（33%）肺炎患者死亡。死亡患者往往近期接受过化疗且骨髓抑制更严重。两例尸检显示组织病理学变化符合病毒性肺炎。在社区流感暴发期间，流感是住院成年白血病患者严重呼吸道疾病的常见病因。需要为免疫功能低下患者确定有效的预防和治疗方案。
