Goldberg R J, Goldberg J
Department of Psychiatry and Medicine, Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island, USA.
Int Psychogeriatr. 1997 Mar;9(1):65-8. doi: 10.1017/s1041610297004213.
Many nursing home residents are candidates for antipsychotic pharmacotherapy for dementia-related behavioral disturbances that include physical agitation and aggression, verbal outbursts, anxiety, and depression. These patients are often resistant to or intolerant of standard neuroleptics and are usually receiving multiple medications for concurrent psychiatric or medical conditions. New medications must be carefully considered because they may interact with concurrent medications or aggravate concurrent medical problems. Low doses of risperidone may be better tolerated in the elderly because the drug poses little risk of extrapyramidal side effects or blood disorders. One hundred and nine patients with dementia-related behavioral disturbances were studied in 9 nursing homes; most initially received 0.25 to 0.5 mg of risperidone twice daily. Their behavior was recorded for up to 6 months on questionnaires completed by a nursing staff member at each home. Risperidone was well tolerated overall and nursing staff viewed it as helpful in 38 of 100 patients, moderately helpful in 26, slightly helpful in 17, and not helpful in 19.
许多疗养院居民因痴呆相关的行为障碍而成为抗精神病药物治疗的对象，这些行为障碍包括身体躁动和攻击行为、言语爆发、焦虑和抑郁。这些患者通常对标准抗精神病药物耐药或不耐受，且通常因并发的精神或医疗状况而正在接受多种药物治疗。必须仔细考虑新药，因为它们可能与同时服用的药物相互作用或加重并发的医疗问题。低剂量的利培酮在老年人中可能耐受性更好，因为该药物引起锥体外系副作用或血液疾病的风险很小。在9家疗养院对109名患有痴呆相关行为障碍的患者进行了研究；大多数患者最初每天两次服用0.25至0.5毫克利培酮。在每家疗养院的一名护理人员填写的问卷上记录他们长达6个月的行为。总体而言，利培酮耐受性良好，护理人员认为它对100名患者中的38名有帮助，对26名有一定帮助，对17名有轻微帮助，对19名没有帮助。
