Araya J, Barriga C
Departamento de Nutrición, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Chile, Santiago de Chile.
Rev Med Chil. 1996 Aug;124(8):923-9.
Pregnancy and lactation could be high risk situations for the development of essential fatty acid deficiencies.
To study the effect of pregnancy and lactation on red blood cell phospholipids percentual fatty acid composition of virgin, pregnant and lactating rats.
Twenty four pregnant rats of 50 +/- 1 days of age were supplement with soy and 24 with fish oil during 21 days. Twelve rats of each group were sacrificed after 18 days of lactation, twenty four non pregnant rats received soy oil and acted as controls of pregnant and lactating rats. Red blood cell phospholipid fatty acid composition was analyzed by gas chromatography.
The percentage of total omega-6 fatty acids of red blood cell phospholipid was 37.8 +/- 5.9, 32.6 +/- 0.6 and 38.3 +/- 3.5% in non pregnant, pregnant and lactating rats respectively (p < 0.001). The figures for total omega-3 fatty acids were 6.33 +/- 1.52, 4.31 +/- 0.39 and 2.7 +/- 0.46 respectively (p < 0.001). There was no change in eicosatrienoic fatty acid percentage. Supplementation with fish oil reverted the decrease in omega-6 and omega-3 fatty acid percentage of pregnant and lactating rats.
Pregnancy and lactation decrease the capacity to transform precursors of essential fatty acids in long chain polyunsaturated fatty acids.
妊娠和哺乳可能是发生必需脂肪酸缺乏的高风险情况。
研究妊娠和哺乳对未孕、妊娠和哺乳大鼠红细胞磷脂中脂肪酸组成百分比的影响。
24只50±1日龄的妊娠大鼠在21天内补充大豆油，24只补充鱼油。每组12只大鼠在哺乳18天后处死，24只未孕大鼠接受大豆油，作为妊娠和哺乳大鼠的对照。通过气相色谱法分析红细胞磷脂脂肪酸组成。
未孕、妊娠和哺乳大鼠红细胞磷脂中总ω-6脂肪酸的百分比分别为37.8±5.9%、32.6±0.6%和38.3±3.5%（p<0.001）。总ω-3脂肪酸的相应数值分别为6.33±1.52%、4.31±0.39%和2.7±0.46%（p<0.001）。二十碳三烯酸百分比没有变化。补充鱼油可逆转妊娠和哺乳大鼠ω-6和ω-3脂肪酸百分比的下降。
妊娠和哺乳会降低将必需脂肪酸前体转化为长链多不饱和脂肪酸的能力。
