Fang J, Madhavan S, Alderman M H
Department of Epidemiology and Social Medicine, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY 10461, USA.
Hum Biol. 1997 Aug;69(4):533-44.
Among non-Hispanic black and white residents of New York City the association between birthplace by region (South, West/ Midwest, and Northeast) within the United States and mortality was determined by linking mortality records for 1988-1992 with the 1990 United States census data for New York City. Age-adjusted death rates computed by birthplace for blacks and whites were examined and also compared with total US data. The results indicate that death rates for New Yorkers generally exceed those of the United States overall, and black rates exceed those of whites. Moreover, Southern-born blacks have substantially higher death rates than do blacks born in the Northeast. The most striking variations are for cancer and diseases of the heart. Deaths from AIDS and homicide are higher among blacks than among whites, but the rates for Southern-born blacks do not exceed those for Northeastern-born blacks. For whites those born in the South have higher death rates overall than those born in the Northeast, but differences in cause-specific mortality are less consistent than for blacks. The results reveal substantial heterogeneity of health status based on nativity, among blacks in particular. To understand the role of the related factors, both genetic and environmental, further population and epidemiologic studies are important.
通过将1988 - 1992年的死亡率记录与1990年纽约市的美国人口普查数据相联系，确定了美国纽约市非西班牙裔黑人和白人居民中，按美国国内地区（南部、西部/中西部和东北部）划分的出生地与死亡率之间的关联。研究了按出生地计算的黑人和白人的年龄调整死亡率，并与美国总体数据进行了比较。结果表明，纽约人的死亡率总体上超过美国全国水平，黑人死亡率超过白人。此外，出生在南部的黑人死亡率大大高于出生在东北部的黑人。最显著的差异体现在癌症和心脏病方面。黑人中艾滋病和凶杀案导致的死亡率高于白人，但出生在南部的黑人的这一比率并未超过出生在东北部的黑人。对于白人来说，出生在南部的人总体死亡率高于出生在东北部的人，但特定病因死亡率的差异不如黑人那样一致。结果显示，基于出生地，尤其是黑人之间，健康状况存在很大差异。为了解相关的遗传和环境因素所起的作用，进一步的人群和流行病学研究很重要。
