Fang J, Madhavan S, Alderman M H
Department of Epidemiology and Social Medicine, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, New York 10461, USA.
Ethn Dis. 1997 Winter;7(1):55-64.
To determine the mortality experience of Hispanic residents of New York City and the influence of birthplace on their mortality rates, NYC Department of Health mortality records for 1988 to 1992 were linked for analysis with 1990 United States census data for New York City. Age-specific death rates for all Hispanics were compared by birthplace with those of non-Hispanic whites. Age-adjusted death rates were also compared. Overall, Hispanics had death rates lower than non-Hispanic blacks, and death rates similar to those of non-Hispanic whites. Hispanics had higher rates of death from HIV-infection, diabetes, stroke/hypertensive disease, cirrhosis and homicide, and fewer deaths from cancer and coronary heart disease than did non-Hispanic whites. Moreover, there were substantial differences in mortality between Hispanic subgroups categorized by birthplace. Migrants from Puerto Rico had the highest, and those from Central and South America the lowest mortality rates. United States-born Hispanics, although younger, had age-adjusted mortality rates higher than New York City non-Hispanic whites. In summary, the mortality of Hispanics generally approximated that of non-Hispanic whites, and was lower than that of non-Hispanic blacks. However, stratification of Hispanics by birthplace revealed substantial variation within the Hispanic population of New York City.
为了确定纽约市西班牙裔居民的死亡率情况以及出生地对其死亡率的影响，纽约市卫生部1988年至1992年的死亡率记录与1990年纽约市的美国人口普查数据进行了关联分析。按出生地对所有西班牙裔的年龄别死亡率与非西班牙裔白人的年龄别死亡率进行了比较。还比较了年龄调整死亡率。总体而言，西班牙裔的死亡率低于非西班牙裔黑人，与非西班牙裔白人的死亡率相似。与非西班牙裔白人相比，西班牙裔因艾滋病毒感染、糖尿病、中风/高血压疾病、肝硬化和凶杀案导致的死亡率较高，而因癌症和冠心病导致的死亡人数较少。此外，按出生地分类的西班牙裔亚组之间在死亡率方面存在很大差异。来自波多黎各的移民死亡率最高，来自中美洲和南美洲的移民死亡率最低。在美国出生的西班牙裔，尽管较为年轻，但年龄调整后的死亡率高于纽约市非西班牙裔白人。总之，西班牙裔的死亡率总体上接近非西班牙裔白人，且低于非西班牙裔黑人。然而，按出生地对西班牙裔进行分层显示，纽约市西班牙裔人口内部存在很大差异。
