Keenan J P, Freeman P R, Harrell R
Department of Psychology, State University of New York, New Paltz, USA.
Alcohol Alcohol. 1997 May-Jun;32(3):233-9. doi: 10.1093/oxfordjournals.alcalc.a008262.
Event-related potentials (ERPs) have been shown to be different between alcoholics and non-alcoholics. Of particular interest to investigators has been the P300 wave. Because it has been shown that alcohol-induced neural damage can alter P300 waves, particularly amplitude, we attempted to examine alcoholics who most likely suffered little damage because they drank heavily for relatively few years (mean = 6.9 years). The effects of long-term sobriety (mean = 5.0) were also investigated to determine if cognitive functioning, as measured by auditory-evoked P300 waves, varies with increased abstinence. Because family history for alcoholism has also been shown to influence P300 amplitude and latency, alcoholics and controls with and without family history were examined. The alcoholic group had significantly longer latencies in P300 measures in both the family history positive and negative groups; P300 amplitudes between alcoholics and non-alcoholics did not vary, regardless of family history. P300 waves were unaffected by sobriety length or drinking history. The results support the hypothesis that P300 differences can be seen between alcoholics and those at risk for alcoholism.
事件相关电位（ERP）已被证明在酗酒者和非酗酒者之间存在差异。研究人员特别感兴趣的是P300波。因为已经表明酒精引起的神经损伤会改变P300波，尤其是振幅，所以我们试图研究那些饮酒年限相对较短（平均6.9年）、很可能几乎没有受到损伤的酗酒者。我们还研究了长期戒酒（平均5.0年）的影响，以确定通过听觉诱发P300波测量的认知功能是否会随着戒酒时间的增加而变化。由于酗酒的家族史也已被证明会影响P300的振幅和潜伏期，因此我们对有和没有家族史的酗酒者及对照组进行了研究。在家族史阳性和阴性组中，酗酒组的P300测量潜伏期均显著更长；无论家族史如何，酗酒者和非酗酒者之间的P300振幅没有差异。P300波不受戒酒时间长短或饮酒史的影响。这些结果支持了这样一种假设，即酗酒者与有酗酒风险的人之间可以观察到P300的差异。
