Valkonen S, Aitio A
Finnish Institute of Occupational Health, Department of Industrial Hygiene and Toxicology, Helsinki, Finland.
Sci Total Environ. 1997 Jun 20;199(1-2):103-10. doi: 10.1016/s0048-9697(97)05485-5.
A reliable and sensitive graphite furnace atomic absorption spectrometry (GFAAS) method with Zeeman background correction was developed for the analysis of aluminium in serum and urine in the biological monitoring of aluminium exposure. The method is based on platform atomisation in pyrolytically coated graphite tubes after fourfold dilution with nitric acid. For serum analysis, a matrix matched standard curve is prepared and for urine the method of standard additions is used. The within-run imprecision (C.V.) for serum and urine was 3% and 5%, and the between-day imprecision, 6% and 7.2%, at a concentration level of 4.0 mumol/l. The between-day imprecision for urinary aluminium was 15.7% at a concentration level of 0.24 mumol/l. The detection limits were 0.02 mumol/l for serum and 0.07 mumol/l for urine. During 1 year of participation in TEQAS external quality assessment scheme of the Robens Institute for Health and Safety (Guildford, UK) for serum aluminium the maximum cumulative performance score was achieved. For urinary aluminium a certificate in the external quality control scheme of the German Society of Occupational Medicine was obtained. The mean concentration of aluminium in a non-exposed population, who did not use antacid drugs, was 0.06 mumol/l (S.D. 0.03, range 0.02-0.13, n = 21) in serum, and 0.33 mumol/l (S.D. 0.18, range 0.07-0.82, n = 44) in urine. The upper reference limit for aluminium in a healthy, non-exposed population was estimated to be 0.1 mumol/l in serum and 0.6 mumol/l in urine.
建立了一种可靠且灵敏的带塞曼背景校正的石墨炉原子吸收光谱法（GFAAS），用于铝暴露生物监测中血清和尿液中铝的分析。该方法基于用硝酸四倍稀释后在热解涂层石墨管中进行平台原子化。血清分析采用基质匹配标准曲线，尿液分析采用标准加入法。在浓度为4.0 μmol/L时，血清和尿液的批内不精密度（变异系数）分别为3%和5%，批间不精密度分别为6%和7.2%。在浓度为0.24 μmol/L时，尿铝的批间不精密度为15.7%。血清的检测限为0.02 μmol/L，尿液的检测限为0.07 μmol/L。在参与英国吉尔福德罗本斯健康与安全研究所的TEQAS血清铝外部质量评估计划的1年中，获得了最高累积性能分数。对于尿铝，在德国职业医学协会的外部质量控制计划中获得了证书。未使用抗酸药物的未暴露人群血清中铝的平均浓度为0.06 μmol/L（标准差0.03，范围0.02 - 0.13，n = 21），尿液中铝的平均浓度为0.33 μmol/L（标准差0.18，范围0.07 - 0.82，n = 44）。健康未暴露人群中铝的血清参考上限估计为0.1 μmol/L，尿液参考上限估计为0.6 μmol/L。
