Saraiva P A, de Assis J L, Marchiori P E
Department of Neurology, Hospital das Clínicas, São Paulo University Medical School (FMUSP), Brasil.
Arq Neuropsiquiatr. 1996 Dec;54(4):601-7. doi: 10.1590/s0004-282x1996000400009.
Myasthenic gravis may affect both inspiratory and expiratory muscles. Respiratory involvement occurred in almost all patients with myasthenia gravis in all clinical forms of the disease: 332 lung function tests done in 324 myasthenic patients without respiratory symptoms (age 34.6 +/- 18.3 years) were examined. Lung volumes analysis showed that all the patients of both sexes with generalized or ocular myasthenia gravis showed "myasthenic pattern". Male patients with "ocular" form only presented the "myasthenic pattern" with lung impairment and had, from the lung function point of view, a more benign behaviour. Female patients with the "ocular" form exhibited a behaviour of respiratory variables similar to that of the generalized form. It was not observed modification of the variables that suggested obstruction of the higher airways. The "myasthenic pattern" was rarely observed in other neuromuscular diseases, except in patients with laryngeal stenosis.
重症肌无力可累及吸气肌和呼气肌。在重症肌无力的所有临床类型中，几乎所有患者都会出现呼吸肌受累：对324例无呼吸道症状的重症肌无力患者（年龄34.6±18.3岁）进行了332次肺功能测试。肺容积分析表明，所有患有全身型或眼肌型重症肌无力的男女患者均表现出“重症肌无力模式”。仅患有“眼肌型”的男性患者仅表现出伴有肺功能损害的“重症肌无力模式”，从肺功能角度来看，其表现更为良性。患有“眼肌型”的女性患者表现出与全身型相似的呼吸变量特征。未观察到提示上呼吸道阻塞的变量变化。除喉狭窄患者外，在其他神经肌肉疾病中很少观察到“重症肌无力模式”。
