Guyoneaud R, Matheron R, Liesack W, Imhoff J F, Caumette P
Laboratoire d'Océanographie Biologique, 2 rue du Professeur Jolyet, F-33120 Arcachon, France.
Arch Microbiol. 1997 Jul;168(1):16-23. doi: 10.1007/s002030050464.
A new marine phototrophic purple sulfur bacterium (strain CE2203) was isolated in pure culture from a man-made coastal lagoon located on the Atlantic coast (Arcachon Bay, France). Single cells were coccus-shaped, did not contain gas vesicles, and were highly motile. Intracellular photosynthetic membranes were of the vesicular type. Bacteriochlorophyll a and carotenoids of the normal spirilloxanthin series were present as photosynthetic pigments. Hydrogen sulfide, thiosulfate, elemental sulfur, and molecular hydrogen were used as electron donors during photolithotrophic growth under anoxic conditions, while carbon dioxide was utilized as carbon source. Acetate, propionate, lactate, glycolate, pyruvate, fumarate, succinate, fructose, sucrose, ethanol, and propanol were photoassimilated in the presence of hydrogen sulfide. During growth on sulfide, elemental sulfur globules were stored inside the cells. Chemotrophic growth under microoxic conditions in the dark was possible. The DNA base composition was 66.9 mol% G+C. Comparative sequence analysis of the 16S rRNA gene confirmed the membership of strain CE2203 in the family Chromatiaceae. Morphological characteristics of strain CE2203 indicated a close affiliation to the genera Thiocystis and Thiocapsa. However, the phylogenetic treeing revealed no closer relationship to Thiocystis spp. than to Thiocapsa roseopersicina or other known members of the Chromatiaceae. Consequently, strain CE2203 is proposed as the type strain of a new genus and species, Thiorhodococcus minus gen. nov., sp. nov.
从位于法国大西洋海岸（阿卡雄湾）的一个人工沿海泻湖中分离出一种新的海洋光合紫色硫细菌（菌株CE2203）并进行了纯培养。单细胞呈球菌状，不含气泡，且具有高度运动性。细胞内光合膜为泡囊型。作为光合色素存在细菌叶绿素a和正常螺旋藻黄素系列的类胡萝卜素。在缺氧条件下进行光无机营养生长时，硫化氢、硫代硫酸盐、元素硫和分子氢用作电子供体，而二氧化碳用作碳源。在硫化氢存在下，乙酸盐、丙酸盐、乳酸盐、乙醇酸盐、丙酮酸盐、富马酸盐、琥珀酸盐、果糖、蔗糖、乙醇和丙醇可被光同化。在硫化物上生长期间，细胞内储存有元素硫球。在黑暗中微氧条件下进行化能营养生长是可能的。DNA碱基组成为66.9 mol% G+C。对16S rRNA基因的比较序列分析证实菌株CE2203属于着色菌科。菌株CE2203的形态特征表明它与硫囊菌属和硫帽菌属密切相关。然而，系统发育树显示，与硫囊菌属物种相比，它与玫瑰色硫帽菌或着色菌科其他已知成员的关系并不更近。因此，提议将菌株CE2203作为一个新属和新种的模式菌株，即微小硫红球菌属新属，新种。
