Kurosumi K
Arch Histol Jpn. 1977 Jun;40(3):203-24. doi: 10.1679/aohc1950.40.203.
The sweat ducts of human eccrine and apocrine (ceruminous) glands were observed with the transmission electron microscope. Both the dermal and epidermal segment of the eccrine as well as apocrine ducts consist of two epithelial layers: luminal cells and peripheral cells. Well-developed microvilli, occurrence of cored vesicles, dense granules, multivesicular bodies and phagosomes in the adluminal filamentous zone, and a strong accumulation of mitochondria in the basal part of the duct epithelium at the dermal segment, as well as an accumulation of small clear vesicles beneath the surface of the luminal cells of the epidermal segment are all prominent in the eccrine duct and concomitant with the special function of the human eccrine duct, i.e., absorption of ions to make the sweat hyotonic and an active endocytosis of some material from the sweat. All of the above enumerated characteristics of the eccrine duct are only rarely or never seen in the apocrine duct. On the other hand, lipid droplets appear in the peripheral cells in a certain level of the apocrine duct near its orifice into the hair follicle, suggesting a kind of metaplasia towards the sebaceous gland. Epidermal duct cells of both eccrine and apocrine sweat glands may keratinize. In the eccrine duct the process in the duct cells precedes the surrounding keratinocytes, while in the apocrine duct the relationship is reversed.
利用透射电子显微镜观察了人体小汗腺和顶泌（耵聍）腺的汗腺导管。小汗腺和顶泌腺导管的真皮段和表皮段均由两层上皮细胞组成：管腔细胞和外周细胞。小汗腺导管中，管腔丝状区有发育良好的微绒毛、有芯小泡、致密颗粒、多囊体和吞噬体，真皮段导管上皮基部线粒体大量聚集，表皮段管腔细胞表面下方有小透明小泡聚集，这些均很突出，且与人体小汗腺导管的特殊功能相关，即吸收离子使汗液呈低渗状态以及从汗液中主动内吞某些物质。上述小汗腺导管的所有特征在顶泌腺导管中很少见或从未见过。另一方面，在顶泌腺导管靠近其开口于毛囊处的一定水平的外周细胞中出现脂滴，提示向皮脂腺的一种化生。小汗腺和顶泌汗腺的表皮导管细胞均可发生角化。在小汗腺导管中，导管细胞的角化过程先于周围角质形成细胞，而在顶泌腺导管中，这种关系则相反。
