Kreek M J
Laboratory on the Biology of Addictive Diseases, Rockefeller University, New York, NY 10021, USA.
Pharmacol Biochem Behav. 1997 Jul;57(3):551-69. doi: 10.1016/s0091-3057(96)00440-6.
Neurobiological and behavioral studies, as well as basic and applied clinical research studies, may all contribute to the development of a pharmacotherapy for a specific addictive disease. This paper reviews recent findings from research work, primarily from one laboratory along with collaborative laboratories, that could have some relevance for the development of pharmacotherapy for cocaine dependency. The much earlier experiences of this laboratory in the development of a pharmacotherapy for opiate addiction will be addressed in the context of providing both some specific suggestions for addictive disease pharmacotherapy development and some warnings about the complexities of the introduction and implementation of a pharmacotherapy once developed. Finally, based on both the earlier perspectives and the more recent research findings, some very specific, though speculative, suggestions will be made about the development of novel pharmacotherapies for early opiate addiction, especially for cocaine abuse or addiction and prevention of relapse to cocaine use. The complex and diverse nature of the challenge for pharmacotherapy for the addictive diseases is presented, including specifically a mandate for broadening educational efforts concerning the basis of addictive diseases and the need for treatment, in parallel with the scientific efforts to develop increasingly sophisticated and targeted pharmacotherapies.
神经生物学和行为学研究，以及基础和应用临床研究，都可能有助于开发针对特定成瘾性疾病的药物疗法。本文综述了近期研究工作的发现，主要来自一个实验室及其合作实验室，这些发现可能与可卡因依赖药物疗法的开发相关。该实验室在开发阿片类成瘾药物疗法方面更早的经验将在为成瘾性疾病药物疗法开发提供一些具体建议以及对一旦开发出的药物疗法引入和实施的复杂性发出一些警告的背景下进行探讨。最后，基于早期观点和最新研究结果，将对早期阿片类成瘾，特别是可卡因滥用或成瘾以及预防复吸可卡因的新型药物疗法的开发提出一些非常具体但具有推测性的建议。文中呈现了成瘾性疾病药物疗法面临的复杂多样的挑战，具体包括一项扩大关于成瘾性疾病基础和治疗需求的教育工作的要求，与此同时，科学上致力于开发日益复杂和有针对性的药物疗法。
