Watson P
Br J Radiol. 1977 Oct;50(598):745-50. doi: 10.1259/0007-1285-50-598-745.
The results are given of a survey of skin doses received in mammography by a phantom breast containing a simulated spherical tumour. The survey covered the 18 centres in New Zealand where mammography was carried out in 1976. The techniques used included xeroradiography, non-screen film and film with a back screen. If the best parameters for each technique were chosen, the "tumour" could be readily seen. Unfortunately this was not often the case and in practice only xeroradiography produced mammograms where the tumour was clearly seen in both the cranio-caudal and medio-lateral views. No centre produced a mammogram of the highest quality with an entrance dose of less than 1 rad. Within each technique there was a very wide range of entrance doses for the same quality of mammogram. At two centres with large workloads, the entrance doses to 11 patients were measured and, in general, the skin doses received by the patients were within 25% of those measured with the Rando phantom.
给出了对含有模拟球形肿瘤的乳房模型在乳腺X线摄影中所接受皮肤剂量的调查结果。该调查涵盖了1976年在新西兰进行乳腺X线摄影的18个中心。所使用的技术包括干板X线摄影、无增感屏胶片和有背屏胶片。如果为每种技术选择最佳参数，“肿瘤”很容易被看到。不幸的是，情况并非总是如此，实际上只有干板X线摄影能产生在头尾位和内外侧位视图中都能清晰看到肿瘤的乳腺X线照片。没有一个中心能在小于1拉德的入射剂量下产生最高质量的乳腺X线照片。在每种技术中，对于相同质量的乳腺X线照片，入射剂量范围非常宽。在两个工作量大的中心，测量了11名患者的入射剂量，总体而言，患者所接受的皮肤剂量在使用兰多人体模型测量的剂量的25%以内。
