Chung D C, Niranjan S C, Clark J W, Bidani A, Johnston W E, Zwischenberger J B, Traber D L
Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Rice University, Houston 77251, USA.
Am J Physiol. 1997 Jun;272(6 Pt 2):H2942-62. doi: 10.1152/ajpheart.1997.272.6.H2942.
A mathematical model describing the dynamic interaction between the left and the right ventricle over the complete cardiac cycle is presented. The pericardium-bound left and right ventricles are represented as two coupled chambers consisting of the left and right free walls and the interventricular septum. Time-varying pressure-volume relationships characterize the component compliances, and the interaction of these components produces the globally observed ventricular pump properties (total chamber pressure and volume). The model 1) permits the simulation of passive (diastolic) and active (systolic) ventricular interaction, 2) provides temporal profiles of hemodynamic variables (e.g., ventricular pressures, volumes, and flow) that agree well with reported observations, and 3) can be used to examine the effect of the pericardium on ventricular interaction and ventricular mechanics. It can be reduced to equivalency with models previously reported by invoking simplifying assumptions. Furthermore, model-generated "dynamic interaction gains" are employed to quantify the mode and degree of ventricular interaction. The model also yields qualitative predictions of septal and free wall displacements similar to those detected experimentally via M-mode echocardiography. Such analogies may be extended easily to the study of pathophysiological states via appropriate modifications to 1) the pressure-volume characteristics of the component walls (and/or pericardium) and/or 2) the specific time course of activation of the ventricular free wall or the septum. A limited number of examples are included to demonstrate the utility of the model, which may be used as an adjunct to new experimental investigations into ventricular interaction.
本文提出了一个数学模型，该模型描述了整个心动周期中左心室和右心室之间的动态相互作用。心包包裹的左心室和右心室被表示为两个耦合腔室，由左、右游离壁和室间隔组成。时变压力-容积关系表征了各组成部分的顺应性，这些组成部分的相互作用产生了整体观察到的心室泵血特性（总腔室压力和容积）。该模型1）允许模拟被动（舒张期）和主动（收缩期）心室相互作用，2）提供与已报道观察结果吻合良好的血流动力学变量（如心室压力、容积和流量）的时间变化曲线，3）可用于研究心包对心室相互作用和心室力学的影响。通过引入简化假设，它可以简化为与先前报道的模型等效。此外，模型生成的“动态相互作用增益”用于量化心室相互作用的模式和程度。该模型还对室间隔和游离壁位移进行了定性预测，类似于通过M型超声心动图实验检测到的结果。通过对1）组成壁（和/或心包）的压力-容积特性和/或2）心室游离壁或室间隔激活的特定时间过程进行适当修改，这些类比可以很容易地扩展到病理生理状态的研究中。文中包含了有限数量的示例以证明该模型的实用性，该模型可作为心室相互作用新实验研究的辅助工具。
