Alarcón de Noya B A, Cesari I M, Losada S, Colmenares C, Balzán C, Hoebeke J, Noya O
Sección de Biohelmintiasis, Universidád Central de Venezuela, Caracas, Venezuela.
Acta Trop. 1997 Aug;66(2):69-78. doi: 10.1016/s0001-706x(97)00032-6.
The alkaline phosphatase immunoassay (APIA) is an antibody detection technique which permits the diagnosis of schistosomiasis using a butanolic extract preparation from adult worms. APIA has demonstrated high sensitivity and specificity in previous reports with well characterized human sera. Its potential as a diagnostic tool for epidemiological surveillance was assessed in comparison with three other diagnostic tests: stool examination, ELISA with soluble egg antigen (SEA) and the circumoval precipitin test (COPT). APIA was 100% specific in an area without Schistosoma mansoni transmission and had 89% sensitivity in an endemic area where 69% of the infected subjects excreted less than 100 eggs g of faeces. It was found to be less sensitive in children under 5 years of age who were positive by the COPT test. APIA can be applied as an initial screening test, based on its high sensitivity, specificity, absence of cross-reactivity with intestinal parasites and the fact that it is a technique suitable for use in epidemiological surveillance.
碱性磷酸酶免疫测定法（APIA）是一种抗体检测技术，它使用成虫的丁醇提取物制剂来诊断血吸虫病。在先前针对特征明确的人血清的报告中，APIA已显示出高灵敏度和特异性。与其他三种诊断测试（粪便检查、可溶性虫卵抗原酶联免疫吸附测定法（ELISA）和环卵沉淀试验（COPT））相比，评估了其作为流行病学监测诊断工具的潜力。在没有曼氏血吸虫传播的地区，APIA的特异性为100%，在一个流行地区，其灵敏度为89%，该地区69%的感染受试者每克粪便中排出的虫卵少于100个。结果发现，对于COPT检测呈阳性的5岁以下儿童，APIA的灵敏度较低。基于其高灵敏度、特异性、与肠道寄生虫无交叉反应以及它是一种适用于流行病学监测的技术这一事实，APIA可作为初步筛查测试。
