Patrick D M, Strathdee S A, Archibald C P, Ofner M, Craib K J, Cornelisse P G, Schechter M T, Rekart M L, O'Shaughnessy M V
British Columbia Centre for Disease Control, Vancouver, Canada.
Int J STD AIDS. 1997 Jul;8(7):437-45. doi: 10.1258/0956462971920497.
To identify determinants of HIV seroconversion among injection drug users (IDUs) during a period of rising prevalence, a case-control investigation was conducted. Cases were IDUs with a new positive test after 1 January 1994, and a negative test within the prior 18 months. Controls required 2 negative tests during the same period. Subjects completed a questionnaire on demographic, psychosocial, and behavioural factors. Eighty-nine cases and 192 controls were similar with respect to gender, age, ethnicity and inter-test interval. Multivariate analyses of events during the inter-test interval showed borrowing syringes (adj. OR = 2.96; P < 0.006), unstable housing (adj. OR = 2.01; P = 0.03) and injecting > or = 4 times daily (adj. OR = 1.71; P = 0.06) to be independently associated with seroconversion. Protective associations were demonstrated for sex with opposite gender (adj. OR = 0.36; P = 0.001) and tetrahydrocannabinol use (adj. OR = 0.41; P = 0.001). There is a need to evaluate programmes dealing with addiction, housing and the social underpinnings of risk behaviours in this population.
为了确定在艾滋病毒感染率上升期间注射吸毒者（IDU）中艾滋病毒血清转化的决定因素，开展了一项病例对照研究。病例为1994年1月1日后新检测呈阳性且在前18个月内检测呈阴性的注射吸毒者。对照要求在同一时期有两次阴性检测结果。研究对象完成了一份关于人口统计学、心理社会和行为因素的问卷。89例病例和192名对照在性别、年龄、种族和检测间隔方面相似。对检测间隔期间的事件进行多变量分析显示，共用注射器（校正比值比[adj. OR]=2.96；P<0.006）、住房不稳定（adj. OR=2.01；P=0.03）以及每天注射≥4次（adj. OR=1.71；P=0.06）与血清转化独立相关。与异性发生性行为（adj. OR=0.36；P=0.001）和使用四氢大麻酚（adj. OR=0.41；P=0.001）显示出有保护作用。有必要评估针对该人群成瘾、住房及风险行为社会基础的项目。
