Smith-Warner S A, Elmer P J, Fosdick L, Tharp T M, Randall B
Division of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis 55454, USA.
Epidemiology. 1997 Mar;8(2):196-201. doi: 10.1097/00001648-199703000-00013.
Although fruits and vegetables have been evaluated in numerous epidemiologic studies, few validation studies have examined fruits and vegetables. We examined the reproducibility and comparability of fruit and vegetable intakes estimated by diet records, food frequency questionnaires, and modules (brief food frequency questionnaires) in 101 control participants of a 1-year diet intervention trial. For each method, mean intakes at baseline and 3 months were generally within 0.3 serving per day for juice, fruits, vegetables, and total fruits and vegetables. In addition, Pearson correlations for the two time periods generally exceeded 0.55 for these four groups for each method. We evaluated comparability of intakes for 15 days of diet records, 1-year food frequency questionnaires, and modules, respectively. Mean total fruit and vegetable intakes were 6.3, 6.5, and 3.8 servings per day for diet records, food frequency questionnaires, and modules. For each pair-wise combination of methods, Pearson correlations exceeded 0.45 for juice, fruits, and total fruits and vegetables; correlations were lower for vegetables. Exact agreement in quintile assignment was less than 45%, however. These results indicate that estimates of fruit and vegetable intakes and disease associations may differ depending on the method used to assess fruit and vegetable intake.
尽管水果和蔬菜已在众多流行病学研究中得到评估，但很少有验证性研究对水果和蔬菜进行过检验。我们在一项为期1年的饮食干预试验的101名对照参与者中，考察了通过饮食记录、食物频率问卷和模块（简短食物频率问卷）估算的水果和蔬菜摄入量的可重复性和可比性。对于每种方法，基线和3个月时果汁、水果、蔬菜以及水果和蔬菜总量的平均摄入量通常每天相差不超过0.3份。此外，每种方法下这四组在两个时间段的皮尔逊相关性通常都超过0.55。我们分别评估了15天饮食记录、1年食物频率问卷和模块的摄入量可比性。饮食记录、食物频率问卷和模块的水果和蔬菜总平均摄入量分别为每天6.3份、6.5份和3.8份。对于每种方法的两两组合，果汁、水果以及水果和蔬菜总量的皮尔逊相关性超过0.45；蔬菜的相关性较低。然而，五分位数分配的完全一致性低于45%。这些结果表明，水果和蔬菜摄入量及疾病关联的估计可能因评估水果和蔬菜摄入量所使用的方法而异。
