a Department of Epidemiology , Emory University , Atlanta , Georgia , USA.
b Winship Cancer Institute, Emory University , Atlanta , Georgia , USA.
Nutr Cancer. 2019;71(5):731-738. doi: 10.1080/01635581.2018.1521440. Epub 2018 Oct 29.
Consumption of nuts, which contain multiple anti-carcinogenic components, has been inversely associated with colorectal cancer (CRC), particularly among women, but has not been investigated in relation to colorectal adenoma, the immediate precursor to most CRCs.
We pooled data from three case-control studies of incident, sporadic colorectal adenoma (n = 785 cases, 2107 controls) in which dietary intakes were assessed using food frequency questionnaires, and analyzed the data using multivariable unconditional logistic regression.
Among men and women combined, the multivariable-adjusted odds ratios (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) for the association of total nut product (all nuts and peanut butter combined) intakes, for those who consumed 0.5-1.5, 2.0-5.5, and ≥6 servings/week relative to no nut consumption were 0.81 (0.58, 1.12), 0.86 (0.61, 1.23), and 0.93 (0.65, 1.31), respectively. However, among women, the corresponding ORs and 95% CIs were 0.62 (0.40, 0.97), 0.57 (0.35, 0.94), and 0.78 (0.48, 1.25), respectively.
These results suggest that moderate nut consumption may be associated with lower risk for colorectal adenoma, primarily among women.
坚果含有多种抗癌成分，其食用与结直肠癌（CRC）呈负相关，尤其在女性中，但尚未有研究表明其与结直肠腺瘤有关，后者是大多数 CRC 的直接前体。
我们汇总了三项关于偶发性散发性结直肠腺瘤（n=785 例病例，2107 例对照）的病例对照研究的数据，这些研究通过食物频率问卷评估了饮食摄入情况，并使用多变量非条件逻辑回归分析了数据。
在男性和女性合并的情况下，总坚果制品（所有坚果和花生酱组合）摄入量与结直肠腺瘤之间的多变量调整比值比（OR）和 95%置信区间（CI），对于那些每周摄入 0.5-1.5、2.0-5.5 和≥6 份/周的人相对于不食用坚果的人分别为 0.81（0.58，1.12）、0.86（0.61，1.23）和 0.93（0.65，1.31）。然而，在女性中，相应的 OR 和 95%CI 分别为 0.62（0.40，0.97）、0.57（0.35，0.94）和 0.78（0.48，1.25）。
这些结果表明，适量食用坚果可能与结直肠腺瘤风险降低有关，主要是在女性中。
