Bontis J N, Vavilis D T
Second Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Aristotelian University of Thessaloniki, Hippokration Hospital, Greece.
Ann N Y Acad Sci. 1997 Jun 17;816:305-9. doi: 10.1111/j.1749-6632.1997.tb52155.x.
Although endometriosis is one of the most frequent problems in gynecology, its pathogenesis remains controversial and poorly understood. Many theories relating to the etiopathology of this disorder have been proposed. The celomic metaplasia hypothesis states that peritoneal mesothelium undergoes metaplasia, forming typical endometrial-like glands and stroma. The transplantation theory suggests implantation and subsequent growth of retrogradely shed, viable endometrial cells. The induction theory states that unknown substances released from shed endometrium induce undifferentiated mesenchyma to form endometriotic tissue. Regardless of which theory is correct, additional factors may be responsible for the expression of the disease. The possibility that the development and progression of endometriosis is associated with abnormal immune function and an inadequate response of the peritoneal defense system is currently the most recent hypothesis for the etiopathology of this disease.
尽管子宫内膜异位症是妇科最常见的问题之一，但其发病机制仍存在争议且了解甚少。关于这种疾病的病因病理学，已经提出了许多理论。体腔化生假说认为，腹膜间皮发生化生，形成典型的子宫内膜样腺体和间质。移植理论认为，逆行脱落的存活子宫内膜细胞会植入并随后生长。诱导理论认为，脱落的子宫内膜释放的未知物质会诱导未分化的间充质形成子宫内膜异位组织。无论哪种理论正确，其他因素可能也与该疾病的表现有关。子宫内膜异位症的发生和发展与免疫功能异常及腹膜防御系统反应不足有关，这一可能性目前是该疾病病因病理学的最新假说。
