Peperkamp N H, Landman W J, Tooten P C, Ultee A, Voorhout W F, Gruys E
Department of Veterinary Pathology, Utrecht University, The Netherlands.
Vet Pathol. 1997 Jul;34(4):271-8. doi: 10.1177/030098589703400402.
Amyloid arthropathy has been recently recognized as a spontaneous syndrome in chickens. Predominantly, femorotibial and tarsometatarsal joints were affected, showing (peri) articular orange amyloid deposits. Immunohistochemical evaluation revealed the amyloid to be of the reactive type. Induction of amyloid arthropathy in chickens was carried out using a single intravenous injection of Enterococcus faecalis cultures. In the naturally occurring and the induced cases, amyloid deposits were found in the hypertrophic synovial villi and in the articular cartilage, particularly in the superficial layer and in the nutritional blood vessel walls. Highly sulfated glycosaminoglycans (GAGs) were found in the amyloid deposits. Ultrastructurally, bundles of amyloid fibrils were seen in invaginations of synoviocytes and chondrocytes. Immunogold electron microscopy failed to reveal signs of intracellular amyloid formation. The predilection site for amyloid deposition in the major leg joints of the chickens with reactive amyloid could be explained by the arthritic condition caused by Enterococcus faecalis bacteriaemia. The polyarthritis triggers hepatic acute phase protein synthesis and increases the vascular serum amyloid A (SAA) supply to the joint. Inflammatory and degenerative changes in the articular cartilage and adjoining tissues result in an increase of highly sulphated GAGs, which are considered to enhance deposition of SAA as amyloid.
淀粉样关节病最近被认为是鸡的一种自发性综合征。主要是股胫关节和跗跖关节受到影响，表现为（关节周围）橙色淀粉样沉积物。免疫组织化学评估显示淀粉样物质为反应性类型。通过单次静脉注射粪肠球菌培养物诱导鸡发生淀粉样关节病。在自然发生的病例和诱导病例中，淀粉样沉积物见于肥厚的滑膜绒毛和关节软骨中，特别是表层和营养血管壁。在淀粉样沉积物中发现了高度硫酸化的糖胺聚糖（GAGs）。超微结构上，在滑膜细胞和软骨细胞的内陷中可见淀粉样原纤维束。免疫金电子显微镜未发现细胞内淀粉样物质形成的迹象。反应性淀粉样变鸡的主要腿部关节中淀粉样物质沉积的偏好部位可以用粪肠球菌菌血症引起的关节炎状况来解释。多关节炎触发肝脏急性期蛋白合成，并增加关节的血管血清淀粉样蛋白A（SAA）供应。关节软骨和相邻组织的炎症和退行性变化导致高度硫酸化的GAGs增加，这被认为会增强SAA作为淀粉样物质的沉积。
