Aloise-young PA, Hennigan KM
Department of Psychology, St John's University, Jamaica, NY 11439, U.S.A.
J Adolesc. 1996 Apr;19(2):163-77. doi: 10.1006/jado.1996.0016.
In the present study the role of self-consistency and self-enhancement motivations in adolescent cigarette smoking was examined. Respondents were 1971 fifth through eighth graders. They were asked to provide information about the number of cigarettes they had smoked in their lifetime and to rate themselves and most smokers on nine dimensions tapping coolness, sociability and intelligence. The results revealed that similarity between the self-image and smoker stereotype increases with age. In addition, evidence for self-consistency motivations for smoking was obtained on all three traits and support for self-enhancement motivations emerged for the cool trait. Finally, it was found that self-consistency becomes increasingly important from fifth to eighth grade. This is the first empirical demonstration of developmental differences in the relation between the self-image, the smoker stereotype and smoking. The importance of the self-identification process in adolescent smoking is discussed.
在本研究中，我们考察了自我一致性和自我提升动机在青少年吸烟行为中的作用。研究对象为1971名五至八年级的学生。他们被要求提供其一生中吸烟数量的信息，并在九个维度上对自己和大多数吸烟者进行评分，这些维度涉及酷感、社交能力和智力。结果显示，自我形象与吸烟者刻板印象之间的相似性随年龄增长而增加。此外，在所有三个特质上都获得了吸烟的自我一致性动机的证据，并且在酷感特质上出现了对自我提升动机的支持。最后，研究发现从五年级到八年级，自我一致性变得越来越重要。这是首次对自我形象、吸烟者刻板印象与吸烟之间关系的发展差异进行实证证明。我们还讨论了自我认同过程在青少年吸烟中的重要性。
