Effect of neuroleptic treatment on depressive symptoms in acute schizophrenic episodes.

This study examined depressive symptoms in acute schizophrenic episodes and their relationship to neuroleptic treatment. Sixty-three depressed and 62 non-depressed acutely exacerbated schizophrenic patients were evaluated with the Brief Psychiatric Rating Scale, the Scale for the Assessment of Positive Symptoms, the Simpson-Angus Extrapyramidal Scale, and the Hamilton Rating Scale for Depression. Subjects were then randomly assigned to different haloperidol plasma levels and followed for 3 weeks. Overall, depression improved with treatment of the acute psychosis, but a positive association between extrapyramidal side effects and depressive symptoms emerged over time. Depressive symptoms tended to be positively related to haloperidol plasma levels. The results suggest that depressive symptoms in schizophrenia are heterogeneous in origin; while neuroleptics can ameliorate depressive symptoms inherent in the acute schizophrenic episode, they can also contribute to depression.