Li R C, Zhu Z Y
Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong.
J Chemother. 1997 May;9 Suppl 1:55-63.
The endpoints associated with conventional susceptibility testing, e.g., the minimum inhibitory concentration or minimum bactericidal concentration (MIC or MBC), are discrete in nature. These endpoint measurements do not provide any information, regarding the pharmacodynamic changes exhibited by the bacteria in reaction to the antibiotic activity during the incubation period. Another limitation of these susceptibility tests is the maintenance of constant antibiotic concentrations; this condition contrasts sharply to the continuously changing concentrations observed in vivo. To tackle these problems, various in vitro pharmacokinetic/pharmacodynamic models have been developed. Taking into consideration various pharmacokinetic determinants, such models allow more comprehensive study of the pharmacodynamic effects demonstrated by antibiotics. In this paper, the implications and usefulness of these in vitro models to the characterization of antimicrobial activity are discussed. Limitations associated with their use are also addressed.
与传统药敏试验相关的终点指标，例如最低抑菌浓度或最低杀菌浓度（MIC或MBC），本质上是离散的。这些终点测量并未提供任何关于细菌在培养期间对抗生素活性反应所表现出的药效学变化的信息。这些药敏试验的另一个局限性是维持恒定的抗生素浓度；这种情况与体内观察到的不断变化的浓度形成鲜明对比。为了解决这些问题，已经开发了各种体外药代动力学/药效学模型。考虑到各种药代动力学决定因素，此类模型能够更全面地研究抗生素所显示的药效学效应。本文讨论了这些体外模型在抗菌活性表征方面的意义和实用性。还讨论了与它们的使用相关的局限性。
