Quist C F, Howerth E W, Stallknecht D E, Brown J, Pisell T, Nettles V F
College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Georgia, Athens 30602, USA.
J Wildl Dis. 1997 Jul;33(3):584-99. doi: 10.7589/0090-3558-33.3.584.
Our objectives were to examine the immunity conferred by epizootic hemorrhagic disease virus serotype 2 (EHDV-2) infection in white-tailed deer (Odocoileus virginianus) and determine if this immunity was protective during challenge with homologous (EHDV-2) or heterologous (bluetongue virus serotype 10; BTV-10) virus. Trials were conducted in the fall of 1992 and 1993. In the first experiment, naive white-tailed deer were infected intradermally and subcutaneously with EHDV-2 and monitored via physical examinations, complete blood counts, alpha and beta interferon (IFN) assays, viral isolation, and serology. Infected deer had a wide range of clinical signs in response to infection. Eleven of the 16 deer had body temperature elevations > or = 0.5 C between post-infection day (PID) 4 and 8. Infected deer had decreased lymphocyte counts between PID 6 and 10 that returned to normal levels by PID 17. Severely lymphopenic animals had the most severe clinical signs; five of 10 deer with lymphocyte counts less than 1000 cells/microliters succumbed to the infection. Viremia was detected in all 16 EHDV-2 infected animals by PID 4, and peak viremias occurred between PID 4 and PID 10. Three deer remained viremic until PID 56, the study endpoint. Interferon was first detected between PID 2 and 6. Peak alpha and beta IFN levels coincided with peak viremia in 11 deer. Precipitating and neutralizing antibodies were detected in infected deer by PID 10. In the second experiment, convalescent deer were challenged subcutaneously and intradermally with either EHDV-2 or BTV-10 and similarly monitored. Virus was detected in the blood of all four deer challenged with BTV-10, but viremia was not detected in three EHDV-2-challenged deer. Temperature fluctuations, blood cell parameter changes, and IFN and antibody responses seen in BTV-10-challenged deer were similar to those seen in the initial experiment. Deer challenged with EHDV-2 had mildly increased temperatures, but minimal IFN response and lymphocyte alterations.
我们的目标是检测2型流行性出血病病毒（EHDV - 2）感染白尾鹿（弗吉尼亚鹿）所赋予的免疫力，并确定这种免疫力在同源病毒（EHDV - 2）或异源病毒（10型蓝舌病病毒；BTV - 10）攻击时是否具有保护作用。试验于1992年和1993年秋季进行。在第一个实验中，将未感染过的白尾鹿通过皮内和皮下注射EHDV - 2进行感染，并通过体格检查、全血细胞计数、α和β干扰素（IFN）检测、病毒分离和血清学进行监测。被感染的鹿对感染有广泛的临床症状。16只鹿中有11只在感染后天数（PID）4至8之间体温升高≥0.5℃。被感染的鹿在PID 6至10之间淋巴细胞计数下降，到PID 17时恢复到正常水平。淋巴细胞严重减少的动物临床症状最严重；10只淋巴细胞计数低于1000个细胞/微升的鹿中有5只死于感染。到PID 4时，在所有16只感染EHDV - 2的动物中均检测到病毒血症，病毒血症峰值出现在PID 4至PID 10之间。3只鹿直到研究终点PID 56时仍有病毒血症。在PID 2至6之间首次检测到干扰素。11只鹿中α和β干扰素的峰值水平与病毒血症峰值同时出现。到PID 10时，在被感染的鹿中检测到沉淀和中和抗体。在第二个实验中，对恢复期的鹿通过皮下和皮内注射EHDV - 2或BTV - 10进行攻击，并进行类似的监测。在所有4只受到BTV - 10攻击的鹿的血液中均检测到病毒，但在3只受到EHDV - 2攻击的鹿中未检测到病毒血症。在受到BTV - 10攻击的鹿中观察到的体温波动、血细胞参数变化以及干扰素和抗体反应与在初始实验中观察到的相似。受到EHDV - 2攻击的鹿体温略有升高，但干扰素反应和淋巴细胞变化最小。
