Broich G, Pagliari A, Ottaviani F
Ist Department of Otorhinolaryngology, University of Milan, Ospedale Maggiore di Milano, IRCCS, Italy.
Anticancer Res. 1997 Jul-Aug;17(4A):2683-706.
Esthesioneuroblastoma (ENB) arises from the neuroepithelium in the olfactory rim of the nasal cavity. It accounts for about 3% of all intranasal tumours. Reviews since the first description by Berger and Luc in 1924 never reported more than a hundred cases, stressing the rarity of the tumour. However, a thorough literature review revealed a total of 945 reported cases. In our search we found a total of 1,457 cases chronicled in the literature of which perhaps 487 were cited in more than one paper, bringing the total of reported cases to 945. Author cases accounted for 198 and therefore collaborative efforts accounted for 747 cases. Sex distribution was 53.36% male and 46.64% female. Kadish classification was applied to 553 cases revealing 103 (18.29%) class A cases, 182 (32.33%) class B and 278 (49.38%) class C cases. This distribution was generally stable through the decades. Treatment could be classified in 898 cases. It consisted of surgery alone in 25.17% (226 cases), radiotherapy alone in 18.37% (165 cases), combined surgery and radiotherapy in 43.21% (388 cases) and chemotherapy in 13.2% (119 cases), followed in 11 cases (1.22%) by bone marrow transplant. In the reported cases an overall follow up could be evaluated in 477 cases, while in only 234 cases a five-year follow up was done. The outcome was 68.38% alive and disease free, 12.82% alive with disease and 18.80% dead. From these 20.51% had surgery only, 11.11% radiotherapy and 68.38% combined surgery and radiotherapy. The best survival rates were obtained by combined therapy (72.5% vs. 62.5% surgery alone and 53.85% radiotherapy alone). Death rates were highest after radiotherapy alone (30.77% versus 18.75% in combined therapy and 12.50% after surgery alone). In conclusion, ENB is a rare but not exceptional tumour. It is best treated with combined surgery and radiotherapy. Unfortunately early diagnosis is still uncommon and no significant changes to the proportions of Kadish classes at first diagnosis have been noted in recent decades. A greater awareness of the tumour and earlier diagnosis seems the major focus for future research.
嗅神经母细胞瘤（ENB）起源于鼻腔嗅区的神经上皮。它约占所有鼻内肿瘤的3%。自1924年伯杰和吕克首次描述以来的综述从未报道过超过100例病例，强调了该肿瘤的罕见性。然而，一项全面的文献综述发现总共报道了945例病例。在我们的检索中，我们在文献中总共发现了1457例病例记录，其中可能有487例在不止一篇论文中被引用，使报道的病例总数达到945例。作者报道的病例有198例，因此合作研究报道的病例有747例。性别分布为男性53.36%，女性46.64%。对553例病例应用了卡迪什分类法，结果显示A类病例103例（18.29%），B类病例182例（32.33%），C类病例278例（49.
