Cascio R S, Kilmon C A
Department of Community Health/Gerontology, University of Texas School of Nursing, Galveston, USA.
Nurse Pract. 1997 Jul;22(7):11, 15-6, 18 passim.
Pervasive developmental disorder, not otherwise specified (PDD, NOS), a developmental-neurologic spectrum disorder, occurs in 10 to 12 of every 10,000 children. PDD, NOS is characterized by a spectrum of significant problems that may vary substantially in range and expression. These may include visual/spatial, kinesthetic, verbal/linguistic, and musical/rhythmic problems. Social skill deficits are also common, as are restricted, repetitive patterns of behavior, interests, and activities. Symptoms of PDD, NOS are often expressed differently among children with the disorder and can be mistakenly attributed to other problems such as attention deficits, oppositional behavior, or stress reactions. Clinicians may encounter children in their practice who exhibit symptoms of PDD, NOS and must be familiar with this disorder so that appropriate diagnosis and treatment can be provided. Families also need ongoing, anticipatory guidance to help them cope with the behavioral aspects of the disorder.
未特定的广泛性发育障碍（PDD，NOS）是一种发育性神经谱系障碍，每10000名儿童中就有10至12名患病。PDD，NOS的特征是一系列严重问题，其范围和表现形式可能有很大差异。这些问题可能包括视觉/空间、动觉、言语/语言和音乐/节奏方面的问题。社交技能缺陷也很常见，行为、兴趣和活动的受限、重复模式同样如此。PDD，NOS的症状在患有该障碍的儿童中表现往往不同，可能会被错误地归因于其他问题，如注意力缺陷、对立行为或应激反应。临床医生在诊疗过程中可能会遇到表现出PDD，NOS症状的儿童，必须熟悉这种疾病，以便进行适当的诊断和治疗。家庭也需要持续的、前瞻性的指导，以帮助他们应对该障碍的行为方面问题。
