Koyama Tomonori, Kurita Hiroshi
Department of Child and Adolescent Mental Health, National Institute of Mental Health, National Center of Neurology and Psychiatry, Tokyo, Japan.
Psychiatry Clin Neurosci. 2008 Dec;62(6):691-6. doi: 10.1111/j.1440-1819.2008.01871.x.
Asperger's disorder (Asperger syndrome, AS) and pervasive developmental disorder not otherwise specified (PDD-NOS) are different subtypes of mild pervasive developmental disorders (PDD).
Using the Japanese version of the Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children-Third Edition (WISC-III), 28 AS children (mean age, 9.3 years, 24 male) were compared with 78 PDD-NOS children (mean age, 7.6 years, 64 male) with normal intelligence (IQ > or = 85), using analysis of covariance (ancova) with the chronological age of a child as a covariate.
Verbal IQ tended to be higher in the AS children than in the PDD-NOS children (mean raw scores, AS vs PDD-NOS: 103.9 vs 99.6; P < 0.10), although full-scale and performance IQ did not differ significantly. Compared with the PDD-NOS children, the AS children scored significantly higher on Freedom from Distractibility index (110.1 vs 104.5; P < 0.05) consisting of Arithmetic (11.0 vs 9.9, P = 0.04) and Digit Span (12.4 vs 11.6, P = 0.051), but tended to score lower on Coding (8.5 vs 9.8, P = 0.08).
The typical cognitive profile of PDD (i.e. low score on Comprehension and high score on Block Design) was shared by both groups, which may support the validity of the current diagnostic classification of PDD. Relatively better verbal ability in AS children seems to reflect their normal language acquisition in infancy, and strong numeric interest may produce the AS children's mathematical excellence over PDD-NOS children. A low score on Coding in AS children might reflect their extreme slowness, circumstantiality and/or drive for perfection.
阿斯伯格障碍（阿斯伯格综合征，AS）和未特定的广泛性发育障碍（PDD-NOS）是轻度广泛性发育障碍（PDD）的不同亚型。
使用日本版韦氏儿童智力量表第三版（WISC-III），将28名AS儿童（平均年龄9.3岁，男性24名）与78名智力正常（智商≥85）的PDD-NOS儿童（平均年龄7.6岁，男性64名）进行比较，以儿童的实足年龄作为协变量进行协方差分析（ancova）。
AS儿童的言语智商往往高于PDD-NOS儿童（平均原始分数，AS组对PDD-NOS组：103.9对99.6；P<0.10），尽管全量表智商和操作智商无显著差异。与PDD-NOS儿童相比，AS儿童在由算术（11.0对9.9，P=0.04）和数字广度（12.4对11.6，P=0.051）组成的注意力分散指数上得分显著更高（110.1对104.5；P<0.05），但在译码测验上得分往往较低（8.5对9.8，P=0.08）。
两组均具有PDD的典型认知特征（即领悟力得分低和积木图案得分高），这可能支持当前PDD诊断分类的有效性。AS儿童相对较好的语言能力似乎反映了他们婴儿期正常的语言习得，强烈的数字兴趣可能使AS儿童在数学方面优于PDD-NOS儿童。AS儿童在译码测验上的低分可能反映了他们极度缓慢、迂回和/或追求完美的倾向。
