Costa A, Guimarães H, Souto A, Martins A, d'Orey C, Mateus M, Silva G, Santos N T
Departamento de Pediatria/Neonatologia, Hospital de São João, Porto.
Acta Med Port. 1996 Oct-Dec;9(10-12):331-4.
Sepsis is a common pathology during the neonatal period. Low-birth weight is the most important isolated risk factor. With the purpose of determining the prevalence of nosocomial infection in newborns of very low birth weight (VLBW), finding the microbial flora and the mortality of these patients, the authors retrospectively analysed the clinical processes of the hospitalized VLBW in the Neonatal Intensive Care Unit (NICU) in S. João Hospital in 1993 and 1994. Of the 1091 newborns admitted to the hospital in these two years, 112 were VLBW (10%). Of these, 48 had sepsis-31 (28%) confirmed sepsis and 17 (15%) probable sepsis. The agents most commonly found were Staphylococcus epidermidis (44%) and Klebsiella pneumoniae (21%). Thirteen patients (27%) died, with infection as the cause of death in nine (19%). Our results confirm the importance of nosocomial neonatal infection, which should involve the strict observance of the asepsis norms and a proper policy of antibiotics.
脓毒症是新生儿期常见的病理状况。低出生体重是最重要的独立危险因素。为了确定极低出生体重（VLBW）新生儿医院感染的患病率、找出这些患者的微生物菌群及死亡率，作者回顾性分析了1993年和1994年在圣若昂医院新生儿重症监护病房（NICU）住院的VLBW患者的临床过程。在这两年入院的1091例新生儿中，112例为VLBW（10%）。其中，48例患有脓毒症——31例（28%）确诊脓毒症，17例（15%）可能脓毒症。最常发现的病原体是表皮葡萄球菌（44%）和肺炎克雷伯菌（21%）。13例患者（27%）死亡，其中9例（19%）因感染死亡。我们的结果证实了新生儿医院感染的重要性，这需要严格遵守无菌规范并制定合理的抗生素使用策略。
