Noguchi M, Miyajima J, Itoh K, Noda S
Department of Urology, Kurume University School of Medicine, Fukuoka, Japan.
Int J Urol. 1997 Jul;4(4):374-9. doi: 10.1111/j.1442-2042.1997.tb00211.x.
Prostate specific membrane antigen (PSM) is a transmembrane glycoprotein that has been described as human prostate specific. It is possible that PSM could be used as a biomarker for staging prostate cancer.
Peripheral blood mononuclear cells from 2 groups of patients with prostate cancer were used for the detection of PSM messenger ribonucleic acid (mRNA) using the reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction (RT PCR) method. Group 1 consisted of 29 untreated patients (13 stage B cancer, 5 stage C, and 11 stage D cancers). Group 2 consisted of 40 treated patients (23 responded well and 17 had recurrence after treatment). In addition, blood specimens from 30 patients with benign prostatic hyperplasia, 5 women, and 5 men undergoing cystoprostatectomy for invasive bladder cancer were used as controls. We then correlated patient and disease characteristics with PCR assay results.
Samples of all 40 controls were negative for PSM-mRNA. Thirteen of 29 patients of group 1 (45%) were positive for PSM-mRNA. The PCR positive rate did not correlate with clinical stage, pathologic stage, tumor grade, or serum PSA levels. Nine of 40 patients (22%) in group 2 were positive for PSM-mRNA, and the majority (8 of 9) were derived from the group of patients with recurrent disease.
A nested RT PCR assay for PSM mRNA can detect circulating tumor cells in the peripheral blood of patients with prostatic cancer. These results suggest that the detection of circulating tumor cells could be useful for monitoring disease progression of prostatic cancer.
前列腺特异性膜抗原（PSM）是一种跨膜糖蛋白，已被描述为人类前列腺特异性的。PSM有可能用作前列腺癌分期的生物标志物。
采用逆转录聚合酶链反应（RT-PCR）方法，对两组前列腺癌患者的外周血单个核细胞进行PSM信使核糖核酸（mRNA）检测。第1组由29例未经治疗的患者组成（13例B期癌、5例C期和11例D期癌）。第2组由40例接受治疗的患者组成（23例治疗反应良好，17例治疗后复发）。此外，将30例良性前列腺增生患者、5例女性以及5例因浸润性膀胱癌接受膀胱前列腺切除术的男性的血液标本用作对照。然后，我们将患者和疾病特征与PCR检测结果进行关联分析。
所有40例对照样本的PSM-mRNA均为阴性。第1组29例患者中有13例（45%）PSM-mRNA呈阳性。PCR阳性率与临床分期、病理分期、肿瘤分级或血清PSA水平无关。第2组40例患者中有9例（22%）PSM-mRNA呈阳性，其中大多数（9例中的8例）来自复发疾病组患者。
一种用于PSM mRNA的巢式RT-PCR检测方法可检测前列腺癌患者外周血中的循环肿瘤细胞。这些结果表明，循环肿瘤细胞的检测可能有助于监测前列腺癌的疾病进展。
