Welles-Nyström B
Department of Nursing, Stockholm University College of Health Sciences, Sweden.
Health Care Women Int. 1997 May-Jun;18(3):279-99. doi: 10.1080/07399339709516281.
This exploratory study considered certain psychosocial, medical, and cultural aspects of the phenomenon of postponed motherhood for one cohort of white women born between 1947 and 1953 in Sweden and the United States. A cross-cultural comparison was made of the experience of pregnancy and the early perinatal period in 15 American and 16 Swedish women to find out (a) whether timing decisions reflected the influence of feminist ideology toward a reproductive strategy radically different from the conventional one, and (b) whether the pattern of delayed motherhood was culture specific. Results indicated that the patterns of delayed motherhood were culture specific. Feminist ideology clearly influenced the timing of the American women's first birth but was evident in Sweden. Women in the U.S. exhibited more nonconventional behaviors and attitudes, whereas Swedish women were more conventional. However, the husbands in both groups were remarkably similar in infant caretaking behaviors, regardless of culture and level of education attainment. These findings indicate postponed motherhood has different meanings in the cultural context of these two Western industrialized societies.
这项探索性研究考察了瑞典和美国1947年至1953年间出生的一批白人女性推迟生育现象的某些社会心理、医学和文化方面。对15名美国女性和16名瑞典女性的怀孕经历和围产期早期情况进行了跨文化比较，以查明：（a）生育时间的决定是否反映了女权主义意识形态对一种与传统生育策略截然不同的生育策略的影响；（b）推迟生育模式是否具有文化特异性。结果表明，推迟生育模式具有文化特异性。女权主义意识形态显然影响了美国女性首次生育的时间，但在瑞典并不明显。美国女性表现出更多非传统的行为和态度，而瑞典女性则更为传统。然而，两组丈夫在婴儿照料行为上非常相似，无论文化背景和教育程度如何。这些发现表明，在这两个西方工业化社会的文化背景下，推迟生育具有不同的意义。
