Malik R, Martin P, Wigney D I, Church D B, Bradley W, Bellenger C R, Lamb W A, Barrs V R, Foster S, Hemsley S, Canfield P J, Love D N
Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, University of Sydney, New South Wales.
Aust Vet J. 1997 Jul;75(7):483-8. doi: 10.1111/j.1751-0813.1997.tb14377.x.
Naturally occurring cryptococcosis in five cats, a dog and a koala is described. Involvement of the nasopharynx was documented in all patients, and nasopharyngeal mass lesions accounted for the major presenting complaints in four. Signs referable to nasopharyngeal disease included snoring, stertor, inspiratory dyspnoea and aerophagia. Diagnoses were made by caudal rhinoscopy using a retroverted flexible endoscope, vigorous orthograde flushing with saline, or at necropsy. Concurrent cryptococcal rhinitis was present in all cases, although involvement appeared limited to the caudal nasal cavity in most cases. Typical signs of nasal cavity disease, such as sneezing and nasal discharge, were often absent. Treatment of nasopharyngeal cryptococcosis should include physical dislodgement or debulking of lesion(s) to provide immediate alleviation of upper airway obstruction, followed by systemic antifungal therapy to eliminate residual infection from the nasal cavity. Infections caused by Cryptococcus neoformans var gattii accounted for a disproportionately large number of these cases.
本文描述了五只猫、一只狗和一只考拉自然发生的隐球菌病。所有患病动物均有鼻咽部受累的记录，其中四只动物的主要临床表现为鼻咽部肿块病变。鼻咽部疾病的体征包括打鼾、喘鸣、吸气性呼吸困难和气吞症。诊断通过使用后倾式柔性内窥镜进行鼻后镜检查、用盐水强力顺行冲洗或尸检来确定。所有病例均并发隐球菌性鼻炎，尽管大多数病例受累似乎仅限于鼻腔后部。鼻腔疾病的典型体征，如打喷嚏和流鼻涕，通常并不存在。鼻咽部隐球菌病的治疗应包括对病变进行物理清除或减容，以立即缓解上呼吸道梗阻，随后进行全身抗真菌治疗，以消除鼻腔内的残余感染。由新型隐球菌格特变种引起的感染在这些病例中占比过高。
