Vakil E, Sigal J
Psychology Department, Bar-Ilan University, Ramat-Gan, Israel.
J Int Neuropsychol Soc. 1997 Jul;3(4):327-36.
Twenty-four closed-head-injured (CHI) and 24 control participants studied two word lists under shallow (i.e., nonsemantic) and deep (i.e., semantic) encoding conditions. They were then tested on free recall, perceptual priming (i.e., perceptual partial word identification) and conceptual priming (i.e., category production) tasks. Previous findings have demonstrated that memory in CHI is characterized by inefficient conceptual processing of information. It was thus hypothesized that the CHI participants would perform more poorly than the control participants on the explicit and on the conceptual priming tasks. On these tasks the CHI group was expected to benefit to a lesser degree from prior deep encoding, as compared to controls. The groups were not expected to significantly differ from each other on the perceptual priming task. Prior deep encoding was not expected to improve the perceptual priming performance of either group. All findings were as predicted, with the exception that a significant effect was not found between groups for deep encoding in the conceptual priming task. The results are discussed (1) in terms of their theoretical contribution in further validating the dissociation between perceptual and conceptual priming; and (2) in terms of the contribution in differentiating between amnesic and CHI patients. Conceptual priming is preserved in amnesics but not in CHI patients.
24名闭合性颅脑损伤（CHI）患者和24名对照参与者在浅层（即非语义）和深层（即语义）编码条件下学习了两个单词列表。然后，他们接受了自由回忆、知觉启动（即知觉部分单词识别）和概念启动（即类别生成）任务的测试。先前的研究结果表明，CHI患者的记忆特点是对信息的概念加工效率低下。因此，研究假设CHI患者在显性和概念启动任务上的表现会比对照参与者更差。在这些任务上，预计CHI组与对照组相比，从先前的深度编码中获益的程度较小。预计两组在知觉启动任务上不会有显著差异。预计先前的深度编码不会提高两组的知觉启动表现。所有结果均符合预测，但在概念启动任务中，两组在深度编码方面未发现显著差异。将从以下两个方面讨论研究结果：（1）从理论贡献方面，进一步验证知觉启动和概念启动之间的分离；（2）从区分遗忘症患者和CHI患者的贡献方面。概念启动在遗忘症患者中得以保留，但在CHI患者中则不然。
