Kates W R, Abrams M T, Kaufmann W E, Breiter S N, Reiss A L
Behavioral Neurogenetics and Neuroimaging Research Center, Kennedy Krieger Institute, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA. kates@kennedy krieger_org
Psychiatry Res. 1997 Aug 8;75(1):31-48. doi: 10.1016/s0925-4927(97)00019-x.
Evidence from numerous structural magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) studies has converged to implicate mesial temporal lobe structures in the pathophysiology of several developmental and psychiatric disorders. Efforts to integrate the results of these studies are challenged, however, by the lack of consistency, detail and precision in published protocols for the manual measurement of the amygdala and hippocampus. In this study, we describe a highly detailed, standardized protocol for measuring the amygdala and the hippocampus. Within the context of this protocol, we tested the inter- and intra-rater reliability of two frequently cited methods for normalizing the anatomical position of the amygdala and hippocampus prior to measurement. One method consisted of creating a coronal data set in which images are rotated in a plane perpendicular to the long axis of the hippocampus. The second method consisted of creating a coronal data set in which images are rotated in a plane perpendicular to the axis connecting the anterior and posterior commissures. Inter- and intra-rater reliability coefficients (using the intraclass correlation) ranged from 0.80 to 0.98, indicating that both methods for positional normalization are highly reliable. In addition, we tested the validity of each method by comparing the temporal lobe anatomy of children with fragile X syndrome to a group of unaffected children matched by age and gender. We found that hippocampal volumes in children with fragile X were significantly increased when either rotational method was used. These results replicated previous findings, suggesting that either method can be validly applied to neuronanatomic studies of pediatric populations.
众多结构磁共振成像（MRI）研究的证据都表明，内侧颞叶结构与多种发育障碍和精神疾病的病理生理过程有关。然而，由于已发表的杏仁核和海马体手动测量方案缺乏一致性、细节和精确性，整合这些研究结果面临挑战。在本研究中，我们描述了一种用于测量杏仁核和海马体的高度详细的标准化方案。在此方案背景下，我们测试了两种常用于在测量前对杏仁核和海马体解剖位置进行标准化的方法在评分者间和评分者内的可靠性。一种方法是创建一个冠状数据集，其中图像在垂直于海马体长轴的平面内旋转。第二种方法是创建一个冠状数据集，其中图像在垂直于连接前连合和后连合的轴的平面内旋转。评分者间和评分者内的可靠性系数（使用组内相关）范围为0.80至0.98，表明两种位置标准化方法都高度可靠。此外，我们通过将脆性X综合征患儿的颞叶解剖结构与一组年龄和性别匹配的未受影响儿童进行比较，测试了每种方法的有效性。我们发现，无论使用哪种旋转方法，脆性X患儿的海马体体积都显著增加。这些结果重复了先前的发现，表明这两种方法都可有效地应用于儿科人群的神经解剖学研究。
