Mena P, Bitto A, Barbato M, Perez A, Gray R H, Simpson J L, Queenan J T, Kambic R T, Pardo F, Stevenson W, Tagliabue G, Jennings V, Li C
Hospital Clínico Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile.
Adv Contracept. 1997 Jun-Sep;13(2-3):229-37. doi: 10.1023/a:1006560123036.
A multicenter cohort study was designed to assess pregnancy outcome among natural family planning (NFP) users, and provide the opportunity to address complications in NFP users by planning status and by timing of conception with respect to day of ovulation. There were 877 singleton births in this sample. Complications evaluated were abnormal vaginal bleeding, urinary tract infection, vaginal infection, hypertension of pregnancy, proteinuria, glycosuria, and anemia. There was no significant difference in the mean age, number of prenatal visits or birth weight among optimally and non-optimally timed pregnancies or for planned and unplanned pregnancies. There were higher incidences of "parity 2 or more" and current smokers in the non-optimally timed pregnancies and lower incidences of prior pregnancy loss and "currently employed" in the non-optimally timed pregnancies. There was little difference in pregnancy complications with respect to pregnancy timing, with the exception of a significant increased risk of vaginal bleeding late in pregnancy among non-optimally timed conceptions (11.5%) compared to optimally timed pregnancies (5.2%, RR = 2.2, 95% CI 1.3-3.7). More differences were observed in pregnancy complication rates by planning status. Unplanned pregnancies were associated with significantly more late pregnancy bleeding, vaginal infections, proteinuria, glycosuria and medication use than planned pregnancies. Unplanned pregnancies had lower incidences of maternal anemia. Complications of pregnancy were low in this NFP population, irrespective of planned versus unplanned status. Women with planned pregnancies had even fewer complications during pregnancy than women with unplanned conceptions, suggesting that women using NFP to plan their reproduction may be at particularly low risk.
一项多中心队列研究旨在评估自然计划生育（NFP）使用者的妊娠结局，并通过计划状态以及受孕时间与排卵日的关系来解决NFP使用者的并发症问题。该样本中有877例单胎分娩。评估的并发症包括异常阴道出血、尿路感染、阴道感染、妊娠高血压、蛋白尿、糖尿和贫血。在最佳和非最佳受孕时间的妊娠之间，或计划内和计划外妊娠之间，平均年龄、产前检查次数或出生体重没有显著差异。非最佳受孕时间的妊娠中，“经产次数≥2次”和当前吸烟者的发生率较高，而既往流产和“目前就业”的发生率较低。妊娠并发症在妊娠时间方面差异不大，但非最佳受孕时间的妊娠在妊娠晚期阴道出血的风险显著增加（11.5%），而最佳受孕时间的妊娠为（5.2%，RR = 2.2，95% CI 1.3 - 3.7）。按计划状态观察到的妊娠并发症发生率差异更大。与计划内妊娠相比，计划外妊娠与更多的妊娠晚期出血、阴道感染、蛋白尿、糖尿和药物使用相关。计划外妊娠的孕产妇贫血发生率较低。无论计划内还是计划外状态，该NFP人群的妊娠并发症发生率都较低。计划内妊娠的女性在孕期的并发症甚至比计划外受孕的女性更少，这表明使用NFP来计划生育的女性可能风险特别低。
