López del Val T, Estivariz C F, Martínez de Icaya P, Jaunsolo M A, del Olmo D, Vázquez Martínez C
Sección de Endocrinología y Nutrición, Hospital Severo Ochoa, Madrid.
Med Clin (Barc). 1997 Jun 14;109(3):88-91.
In our society advertising compaigns promote consumption of superfluous foods, such as sweets and snacks, displacing the intake of other basic nutrients. The aim of this study is to assess the intake of these foods by children, their relative contribution to overall macronutrient intake and their effects on health.
A dietary assessment was performed on a representative sample of scholar children from the Autonomous Community of Madrid. It reflects food consumption for a 4-days period (3 week-days and 1 weekend day) in 2,698 boys and girls aged 6 to 15 years. The intake is expressed as grams per 1,000 kcal to standardize nutrient consumption in boys and girls. Lipid profile and several markers of nutritional status are also determined.
The consumption of sweets and snacks items per 1,000 kcal is higher in boys than in girls (35.8 +/- 20.0 and 34.2 +/- 19.6 g/1,000 kcal, respectively; p = 0.01) and increases during adolescence (12 and 13 years) in both sexes. Sweets and snacks provide 16.1% of dietary total caloric intake, 7.1% of saturated fatty acids, 10.7% of monounsaturated fatty acids, 10.4% of polyunsaturated fatty acids and 11.3% of cholesterol. Children of ages 6, 7, 8 and 9 years with high calculated LDL-cholesterol levels (> or = 120 mg/dl) consume significative higher amounts of sweet foods than children with low calculated LDL-cholesterol levels (< or = 90 mg/dl).
Children from the Autonomous Community of Madrid, Spain consume excessive sweets, which could be responsible for a higher prevalence of diseases related to this intake, such as caries, obesity and obesity-related associate diseases.
在我们的社会中，广告活动促进了诸如糖果和零食等多余食物的消费，取代了其他基本营养素的摄入。本研究的目的是评估儿童对这些食物的摄入量、它们对总体宏量营养素摄入的相对贡献以及它们对健康的影响。
对来自马德里自治区的具有代表性的学龄儿童样本进行了饮食评估。它反映了2698名6至15岁男孩和女孩在4天期间（3个工作日和1个周末日）的食物消费情况。摄入量以每1000千卡的克数表示，以便对男孩和女孩的营养消费进行标准化。还测定了血脂谱和几个营养状况指标。
每1000千卡中，男孩食用糖果和零食的量高于女孩（分别为35.8±20.0和34.2±19.6克/1000千卡；p = 0.01），且在青春期（12岁和13岁）两性中均有所增加。糖果和零食提供了饮食总热量摄入的16.1%、饱和脂肪酸的7.1%、单不饱和脂肪酸的10.7%、多不饱和脂肪酸的10.4%和胆固醇的11.3%。计算得出低密度脂蛋白胆固醇水平高（≥120毫克/分升）的6、7、8和9岁儿童比计算得出低密度脂蛋白胆固醇水平低（≤90毫克/分升）的儿童食用甜食的量明显更高。
西班牙马德里自治区的儿童食用过多的甜食，这可能导致与这种摄入量相关的疾病患病率较高，如龋齿、肥胖症及与肥胖相关的伴发疾病。
