Garzino Demo P, Carbon M, Carrozzo M, Broccoletti R, Gandolfo S
Università degli Studi, Torino, Dipartimento di Fisiopatologia Clinica.
Minerva Stomatol. 1997 Jun;46(6):329-35.
The location of melanoma in the oral cavity is extremely rare: its frequency varies between 0.2 and 8%. Oral melanoma strikes mainly male subjects and is more frequently seen at the level of the hard palate and gingiva. Today the clinicopathological classification of oral melanoma is not yet clearly outlined, and that is why the skin form is often taken as a reference. The acral lentiginous subtype proves to be the most common in this seat. In many cases (up to 50%) the diagnosis of melanoma is made on lesions which have evolved from the pre-existing pigmented lesions: as a consequence, every pigmented lesion of undetermined origin must be biopsied as a routine. The prognosis often proves poor and the surgical approach, combined with the chemotherapeutic one, is the first choice treatment. Lymph node dissection is not routinely practiced.
其发生率在0.2%至8%之间。口腔黑色素瘤主要侵袭男性患者，且更常见于硬腭和牙龈部位。如今，口腔黑色素瘤的临床病理分类尚未明确界定，这就是为何常以皮肤型黑色素瘤作为参考。肢端雀斑样痣亚型在该部位最为常见。在许多病例中（高达50%），黑色素瘤的诊断是基于已存在的色素沉着病变演变而来的病灶：因此，每个来源不明的色素沉着病变都必须常规进行活检。其预后往往较差，手术治疗联合化疗是首选治疗方法。通常不常规进行淋巴结清扫。
