Eriksson N E, Ahlstedt S, Lövhagen O
Allergy. 1979 Aug;34(4):233-47. doi: 10.1111/j.1398-9995.1979.tb01704.x.
In a study of the efficacy of two different treatment schedules for perennial immunotherapy, 47 adult patients with spring-time hay fever due to allergy against birch and other deciduous trees were randomly assigned to three treatment groups: one group received birch, alder and hazel allergen in Allpyral, another group received the same Allpyral mixture and in addition all relevant tree pollens in aqueous extract and a control group received no injections. For determination of antibody titres the radioallergosorbent test (RAST) and the ammonium sulphate precipitation (ASP) technique were used. Cellular responsiveness was studied by measuring birch pollen (BP) induced leucocyte histamine release in peripheral blood. The clinical and immunological response was similar in the two treated groups. Treated patients had less symptoms and a lower consumption of antihistamine tablets during the pollen season than the control group. Non-IgE BP antibodies and IgE antibodies recorded with the ASP technique increased after immunotherapy while RAST values did not change significantly. A decrease of RAST values from postseasonal values during the first year to preseasonal values in the following year was seen in all patient groups but was less pronounced in treated than in untreated patients. The decrease was more pronounced in patients with high RAST values of postseasonal sera than in patients with low RAST values. Cellular reactivity increased slightly during the first phase of therapy but returned to the pre-treatment level later. Clinical improvement was positively correlated to the percentage increase of non-IgE antibody titre and to the pre-treatment non-IgE/IgE antibody ratio. Patients with high preseasonal RAST titres or high cellular sensitivity tended to have more severe symptoms during the pollen season. It is concluded that a mixture of birch, alder and hazel is sufficient for immunotherapy in spring-term hay fever. It is obvious that changes of a single immunological variable do not account for the therapeutic results in immunotherapy.
在一项关于两种不同疗程的常年性免疫疗法疗效的研究中，47名因对桦树和其他落叶树过敏而患春季花粉症的成年患者被随机分为三个治疗组：一组接受含桦树、桤木和榛树过敏原的Allpyral，另一组接受相同的Allpyral混合物，此外还接受所有相关树木花粉的水提取物，对照组不接受注射。采用放射变应原吸附试验（RAST）和硫酸铵沉淀（ASP）技术测定抗体滴度。通过测量桦树花粉（BP）诱导的外周血白细胞组胺释放来研究细胞反应性。两个治疗组的临床和免疫反应相似。与对照组相比，接受治疗的患者在花粉季节症状较轻，抗组胺药片的消耗量较低。免疫治疗后，用ASP技术记录的非IgE BP抗体和IgE抗体增加，而RAST值没有显著变化。在所有患者组中均观察到RAST值从第一年的季后值下降到次年的季前值，但治疗组的下降不如未治疗组明显。季后血清RAST值高的患者比RAST值低的患者下降更明显。细胞反应性在治疗的第一阶段略有增加，但随后恢复到治疗前水平。临床改善与非IgE抗体滴度的增加百分比以及治疗前的非IgE/IgE抗体比值呈正相关。季前RAST滴度高或细胞敏感性高的患者在花粉季节往往症状更严重。得出的结论是，桦树、桤木和榛树的混合物足以用于春季花粉症的免疫治疗。显然，单一免疫变量的变化并不能解释免疫治疗的疗效。
