Barreau E, Massin P, Paques M, Santiago P Y, Gaudric A
Service d'Ophtalmologie, Hôpital Lariboisière, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Université Paris.
J Fr Ophtalmol. 1997;20(6):423-9.
Macular hole is a rare complication of blunt ocular trauma. Little is known about its spontaneous course and only a few operated cases have been reported.
We present five cases of post-traumatic macular holes, 4 of which have been operated on.
In one case, the hole sealed spontaneously due to the formation of a slightly contractile epimacular membrane, and visual acuity improved from 0.1 to 0.5. The other four cases underwent vitrectomy, posterior hyaloid stripping, fluid-gas exchange and 12 days of postoperative positioning. In addition, two of these cases had autologous platelet injection. The macular hole closed in 3 of the 4 cases and vision improved in two.
Traumatic macular holes can close spontaneously, although this is rare. Usually, surgery with or without healing adjuvants is needed to close the hole. Visual results may be good if there is no damage to the subfoveal retinal pigment epithelium or to Bruch's membrane.
黄斑裂孔是钝性眼外伤的一种罕见并发症。对其自发病程了解甚少，仅报道了少数手术病例。
我们呈现5例创伤后黄斑裂孔病例，其中4例接受了手术。
1例因形成轻度收缩性黄斑前膜而自发闭合，视力从0.1提高到0.5。其他4例接受了玻璃体切除术、后玻璃体后脱离、液气交换及术后12天的体位摆放。此外，其中2例进行了自体血小板注射。4例中有3例黄斑裂孔闭合，2例视力改善。
创伤性黄斑裂孔虽罕见，但可自发闭合。通常需要手术（有或无愈合辅助剂）来闭合裂孔。如果黄斑下视网膜色素上皮或布鲁赫膜未受损，视觉效果可能良好。
