Schweizer V, Dörfl J
Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, University Hospital, Lausanne, Switzerland.
Clin Otolaryngol Allied Sci. 1997 Aug;22(4):362-9. doi: 10.1046/j.1365-2273.1997.00028.x.
Contradictory opinions are found in the literature concerning the precise anatomy and role of the inferior laryngeal nerve, the terminal portion of the recurrent laryngeal nerve. Moreover, operative damage to this nerve beyond the thyroid area is seldom described. Twenty-one human larynges were dissected to give a precise description of the inferior laryngeal nerve and to draw attention to the risks of injury to the nerve during specific laryngological operations. In contrast with the varied descriptions found in the literature, only small variations in the terminal branching of the nerve were found. The nerve divides generally extralaryngeally into two branches: a motor, anterior one, innervating the intrinsic laryngeal musculature (except the cricothyroid muscle), and a sensory, posterior one, forming Galen's anastomosis. The anterior branch of the nerve is particularly susceptible to damage just behind the cricothyroid joint; two of its terminal rami, supplying respectively the interarytenoid and thyro-arytenoid muscles, incur potential risks of injury during endoscopic CO2 laser surgery.
关于喉下神经（即喉返神经的终末部分）的确切解剖结构和作用，文献中存在相互矛盾的观点。此外，很少有文献描述在甲状腺区域以外对该神经的手术损伤。解剖了21个成人喉部，以精确描述喉下神经，并提醒人们注意在特定的喉科手术中该神经受伤的风险。与文献中多种多样的描述不同，该神经的终末分支仅有微小变异。该神经通常在喉外分为两支：一支为运动性前支，支配喉内肌（环甲肌除外）；另一支为感觉性后支，形成盖伦吻合。该神经的前支在环甲关节后方特别容易受损；其两条终末支分别支配杓间肌和甲杓肌，在内镜下二氧化碳激光手术过程中存在受伤的潜在风险。
