Dingus T A, McGehee D V, Manakkal N, Jahns S K, Carney C, Hankey J M
Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg, USA.
Hum Factors. 1997 Jun;39(2):216-29. doi: 10.1518/001872097778543930.
Three on-road studies were conducted to determine how headway maintenance and collision warning displays influence driver behavior. Visual perspective, visual perspective with a pointer, visual perspective combined with an auditory warning, discrete visual warning, and discrete auditory warning were assessed during both coupled headway and deceleration events. Results indicate that when drivers are provided with salient visual information regarding safe headways, they utilize the information and increase their headway when appropriate. Auditory warnings were less effective than visual warnings for increasing headways but may be helpful for improving reaction time during events that require deceleration. Drivers were somewhat insensitive to false alarm rates, at least during short-term use. Finally, and most important, driver headway maintenance increased by as much as 0.5 s when the appropriate visual display was used. However, a study to investigate the longterm effects of such displays on behavior is strongly recommended prior to mass marketing of headway maintenance/collision warning devices.
开展了三项道路研究，以确定车间距保持和碰撞预警显示如何影响驾驶员行为。在耦合车间距和减速事件期间，对视觉视角、带指针的视觉视角、视觉视角与听觉预警相结合、离散视觉预警和离散听觉预警进行了评估。结果表明，当为驾驶员提供有关安全车间距的显著视觉信息时，他们会利用该信息并在适当的时候增加车间距。在增加车间距方面，听觉预警不如视觉预警有效，但在需要减速的事件中，听觉预警可能有助于提高反应时间。至少在短期使用期间，驾驶员对误报率有些不敏感。最后，也是最重要的一点，当使用适当的视觉显示时，驾驶员的车间距保持增加了多达0.5秒。然而，在车间距保持/碰撞预警装置大规模销售之前，强烈建议开展一项研究，以调查此类显示对行为的长期影响。
