Urbani C, Touré A, Hamed A O, Albonico M, Kane I, Cheikna D, Hamed N O, Montresor A, Savioli L
l'Unite de Schistosomiase et Parasitoses Intestinales (SIP), OMS, Genève, Suisse.
Med Trop (Mars). 1997;57(2):157-60.
An epidemiological survey was carried out in the Trarza and Brakna regions of the Senegal River valley in Mauritania prior to implementation of a program to control intestinal parasitic infection and schistosomiasis. A total of 1297 school children between the ages of 5 and 12 years from a randomized selection of villages in the region were examined to determine the prevalence and intensity of intestinal parasitic infections and schistosomiasis. Overall prevalence was 38.1% for intestinal parasitic infection, 7.1% for intestinal schistosomiasis, and 17.1% for urinary schistosomiasis. Analysis of weight and height as indicators of nutritional status indicated that 40.9% of the children examined were under the 10th percentile of the weight-for-height indicator and that there was a statistically significant correlation between malnutrition, diarrhea, and intestinal parasitic infection (p < 0.0001). Measurement of hemoglobin levels showed that 50.4% of children were anemic (hemoglobin level < 11 g/dl) and that there was a correlation between anemia and infection by Schistosoma haematobium. This is the first epidemiological survey on intestinal parasitic infections in Mauritania and the first study on Schistosoma mansoni on the Mauritanian side of the Senegal River. Findings suggest not only that implementation of a program to control intestinal parasitic infection and schistosomiasis is needed in the region but also that it should be associated with a food/iron supplementation program and growth monitoring.
在毛里塔尼亚塞内加尔河谷的特拉扎和布拉纳地区实施控制肠道寄生虫感染和血吸虫病项目之前，开展了一项流行病学调查。从该地区随机选取的村庄中，对1297名5至12岁的学童进行了检查，以确定肠道寄生虫感染和血吸虫病的患病率及感染强度。肠道寄生虫感染的总体患病率为38.1%，肠道血吸虫病为7.1%，尿路血吸虫病为17.1%。对作为营养状况指标的体重和身高进行分析表明，受检儿童中有40.9%低于身高别体重指标的第10百分位数，而且营养不良、腹泻和肠道寄生虫感染之间存在统计学上的显著相关性（p<0.0001）。血红蛋白水平测量显示，50.4%的儿童贫血（血红蛋白水平<11g/dl），并且贫血与埃及血吸虫感染之间存在相关性。这是毛里塔尼亚首次进行的关于肠道寄生虫感染的流行病学调查，也是在塞内加尔河毛里塔尼亚一侧首次开展的关于曼氏血吸虫的研究。研究结果表明，该地区不仅需要实施控制肠道寄生虫感染和血吸虫病的项目，而且该项目应与食品/铁补充项目及生长监测相结合。
