Sjöström K, Valentin L, Thelin T, Marsál K
Department of Psychiatry, University of Lund, Malmö University Hospital, Sweden.
Eur J Obstet Gynecol Reprod Biol. 1997 Aug;74(2):149-55. doi: 10.1016/s0301-2115(97)00100-0.
The aim of this study was to investigate if fetal circulation is affected by maternal anxiety. 37 nulliparous women were studied prospectively in the third trimester of pregnancy, with self-rate tests of anxiety (STAI). Doppler ultrasound examination of the umbilical artery and fetal middle cerebral artery was performed at 37-40 gestational weeks. The pulsatility index (PI) was calculated and corrected for heart rate. The women were divided into groups of increasing levels of anxiety. The fetuses of women with high trait anxiety scores had significantly higher PI values in the umbilical artery (p = 0.0056), significantly lower PI values in the fetal middle cerebral artery (p = 0.0029) and significantly lower cerebro-umbilical PI ratios (p = 0.0002), suggesting a change in blood distribution in favor of brain circulation in the fetuses. Maternal weight, weight-increase, height, age, marital status, smoking habits, drinking habits and socio-economic factors known to affect fetal well-being did not interfere with these findings. No significant differences in birth-weight, length and head circumference were found between infants born to mothers with higher trait anxiety levels compared to mothers with lower trait anxiety levels. Our results suggest that maternal stress, in terms of trait anxiety, influences fetal cerebral circulation.
本研究的目的是调查胎儿循环是否受母亲焦虑的影响。前瞻性地研究了37名未生育过的孕妇，她们处于妊娠晚期，采用焦虑自评量表（STAI）进行测试。在妊娠37 - 40周时，对脐动脉和胎儿大脑中动脉进行多普勒超声检查。计算搏动指数（PI）并根据心率进行校正。将这些女性按照焦虑水平升高分组。特质焦虑评分高的女性所怀胎儿的脐动脉PI值显著更高（p = 0.0056），胎儿大脑中动脉的PI值显著更低（p = 0.0029），脑 - 脐PI比值显著更低（p = 0.0002），这表明胎儿的血液分布发生了变化，有利于脑部循环。已知会影响胎儿健康的母亲体重、体重增加、身高、年龄、婚姻状况、吸烟习惯、饮酒习惯和社会经济因素并未干扰这些研究结果。与特质焦虑水平较低的母亲所生婴儿相比，特质焦虑水平较高的母亲所生婴儿在出生体重、身长和头围方面未发现显著差异。我们的结果表明，就特质焦虑而言，母亲的压力会影响胎儿的脑循环。
