Owen A D, Bird M M
Department of Anatomy, Queen Mary and Westfield College, London, UK.
J Anat. 1997 Aug;191 ( Pt 2)(Pt 2):301-7. doi: 10.1046/j.1469-7580.1997.19120301.x.
The excitatory amino acid glutamate has been shown to be toxic to a number of neuronal cell types both in vitro and in vivo. It has also been shown to be capable of controlling the development of neurons grown in vitro. Using time-lapse video microscopy techniques the effects of glutamate on the rate of neurite outgrowth and growth cone motility were examined on cultured mouse spinal cord neurons. Concentrations in the range of 1 to 100 microM caused a significant inhibition of neurite outgrowth and concentrations of 10 and 100 microM significantly inhibited growth cone activity. In addition it was shown that the kainate/AMPA receptor antagonist (+/-)3-(2-carbvoxypiperazin-4-yl)-propyl-l-phosphonic acid, but not the NMDA receptor antagonist 6,7-dinitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione, was capable of blocking the inhibitory actions of glutamate on both outgrowth and motility. These results show that, at least in the culture system employed, glutamate might have a role in regulating neuronal development and function.
兴奋性氨基酸谷氨酸已被证明在体外和体内对多种神经元细胞类型具有毒性。它还被证明能够控制体外培养的神经元的发育。使用延时视频显微镜技术，研究了谷氨酸对培养的小鼠脊髓神经元轴突生长速率和生长锥运动性的影响。1至100微摩尔范围内的浓度会显著抑制轴突生长，而10和100微摩尔的浓度会显著抑制生长锥活性。此外，还表明，红藻氨酸/α-氨基-3-羟基-5-甲基-4-异恶唑丙酸（AMPA）受体拮抗剂（±）3-（2-羧基哌嗪-4-基）-丙基-1-膦酸能够阻断谷氨酸对生长和运动的抑制作用，而N-甲基-D-天冬氨酸（NMDA）受体拮抗剂6,7-二硝基喹喔啉-2,3-二酮则不能。这些结果表明，至少在所采用的培养系统中，谷氨酸可能在调节神经元发育和功能方面发挥作用。
