Rubin D C, Schulkind M D
Department of Experimental Psychology, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina 27708-0086, USA.
Psychol Aging. 1997 Sep;12(3):524-35. doi: 10.1037//0882-7974.12.3.524.
For word-cued autobiographical memories, older adults had an increase, or bump, from the ages 10 to 30. All age groups had fewer memories from childhood than from other years and a power-function retention for memories from the most recent 10 years. There were no consistent differences in reaction times and rating scale responses across decades. Concrete words cued older memories, but no property of the cues predicted which memories would come from the bump. The 5 most important memories given by 20- and 35-year-old participants were distributed similarly to their word-cued memories, but those given by 70-year-old participants came mostly from the single 20-to-30 decade. No theory fully accounts for the bump.
对于由词语提示的自传体记忆，老年人在10岁至30岁之间的记忆有所增加，即出现了记忆隆起。所有年龄组童年时期的记忆都比其他年份少，且对最近10年的记忆呈现幂函数式的保留。几十年间，反应时间和评分量表反应没有一致的差异。具体的词语提示了更久远的记忆，但提示词的任何属性都无法预测哪些记忆会来自记忆隆起阶段。20岁和35岁参与者列出的5个最重要的记忆，其分布与词语提示的记忆相似，但70岁参与者列出的记忆大多来自20到30岁这一单一十年期。没有一种理论能完全解释记忆隆起现象。
