Navar L G
Department of Physiology, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, Louisiana, USA.
Med Clin North Am. 1997 Sep;81(5):1165-98. doi: 10.1016/s0025-7125(05)70573-3.
Systemic arterial pressure is a dynamic and responsive physiologic parameter that can be influenced by many different factors. In particular, short-term changes in arterial pressure are caused by a myriad of mechanisms that affect cardiac output, total peripheral resistance, and cardiovascular capacitance. In the long run, however, most of these actions can be buffered or compensated by appropriate renal adjustments of sodium balance, ECFV, and blood volume. As long as the mechanisms regulating sodium excretion can maintain sodium balance by appropriately modulating the sensitivity of the pressure-natriuresis relationship, normal arterial pressure can be sustained. Derangements that compromise the ability of the kidneys to maintain sodium balance, however, can result in the kidney's need for an elevated arterial pressure to reestablish net salt and water balance.
体循环动脉压是一个动态且有反应的生理参数，会受到许多不同因素的影响。特别是，动脉压的短期变化是由影响心输出量、总外周阻力和心血管容量的众多机制引起的。然而，从长远来看，这些作用中的大多数可以通过肾脏对钠平衡、细胞外液容量（ECFV）和血容量的适当调节来缓冲或代偿。只要调节钠排泄的机制能够通过适当调节压力-利钠关系的敏感性来维持钠平衡，就能维持正常动脉压。然而，损害肾脏维持钠平衡能力的紊乱情况可能导致肾脏需要升高动脉压以重新建立盐和水平衡。
