Kiesswetter E, Sietmann B, Seeber A
Institute for Occupational Physiology, University of Dortmund, Ardeystrasse 67, Dortmund, 44139, Germany.
Environ Res. 1997;73(1-2):73-80. doi: 10.1006/enrs.1997.3716.
A new version of the "Psychological-Neurological Questionnaire," designed for screening purposes, was investigated concerning its sensitivity to detect early signs of occupational exposure to potential neurotoxicants. A study population of 361 subjects was stratified into four age groups (<34, 35-44, 45-54, and >54 years) and three exposure groups (no, low, and high). According to dose and exposure history, workers exposed to dioxins and furans in combustion products, to volatile organic compounds, and to chromates were classified as low exposure. Workers exposed to alkyl lead, single solvents, and solvent mixtures were classified as high exposure. Only the group with the oldest age and highest exposure could be separated clearly from other groups, indicating an interaction effect between exposure and age. The low-exposure group could not be separated from the nonexposed controls. The most effective discriminators were neurologic symptoms. Psycho- and neurovegetative lability and irritative disturbances contributed less to the differentiation. Gastrointestinal and sleep disorders, as well as alcohol intolerance, showed no differentiation quality. The observed type of interaction effect fits models of delayed neurotoxicity.
为筛查目的而设计的新版《心理 - 神经问卷》，针对其检测职业性接触潜在神经毒物早期迹象的敏感性进行了调查。361名研究对象被分为四个年龄组（<34岁、35 - 44岁、45 - 54岁和>54岁）和三个接触组（无接触、低接触和高接触）。根据剂量和接触史，接触燃烧产物中的二噁英和呋喃、挥发性有机化合物以及铬酸盐的工人被归类为低接触。接触烷基铅、单一溶剂和溶剂混合物的工人被归类为高接触。只有年龄最大且接触程度最高的组能够与其他组明显区分开来，这表明接触和年龄之间存在交互作用。低接触组无法与未接触的对照组区分开来。最有效的区分指标是神经症状。心理和神经植物性不稳定以及刺激性障碍对区分的贡献较小。胃肠道和睡眠障碍以及酒精不耐受没有显示出区分能力。观察到的交互作用类型符合迟发性神经毒性模型。
