Cho B H, Chino H, Tsuji H, Kunito T, Makishima H, Uchida H, Matsumoto S, Oyaizu H
Department of Applied Biological Chemistry, Graduate School of Agriculture and Agricultural Life Sciences, Tokyo, Japan.
Chemosphere. 1997 Oct;35(7):1613-21. doi: 10.1016/s0045-6535(97)00219-1.
A huge amount of oil-contaminated soil remains unremediated in the Kuwait desert. The contaminated oil has the potentiality to cause pollution of underground water and to effect the health of people in the neighborhood. We have been studying bioremediation of Kuwait oil-contaminated soil. Chemical analyses of biodegraded compounds and isolation of petroleum hydrocarbon-decomposing microorganisms were carried out. From the chemical analyses, it was revealed that the decomposed compounds were mainly saturated fractions from alumina column chromatography and that the aromatic fractions were not decomposed well. Isolation of bacteria was carried out for eight kinds of hydrocarbons which are components of crude petroleum (n-hexadecane, 2,6,10,14-tetramethylpentadecane, 1,4-diisopropylbenzene, naphthalene, 1-methylnaphthalene, phenanthrene, anthracene, and perylene). Many of the n-hexadecane- and 2,6,10,14-tetramethylpentadecane-decomposing bacteria were isolated, but aromatic compound-decomposing bacteria were not enriched. It was concluded that the slow decomposition of aromatic compounds was due to the low population of aromatic compound-decomposing bacteria in the Kuwait desert soil.
科威特沙漠中仍有大量受石油污染的土壤未得到修复。受污染的石油有可能导致地下水污染，并影响周边居民的健康。我们一直在研究科威特受石油污染土壤的生物修复。对生物降解的化合物进行了化学分析，并分离出了石油烃分解微生物。从化学分析中发现，分解的化合物主要是氧化铝柱色谱法得到的饱和馏分，而芳香馏分没有得到很好的分解。针对原油的八种成分烃（正十六烷、2,6,10,14-四甲基十五烷、1,4-二异丙基苯、萘、1-甲基萘、菲、蒽和苝）进行了细菌分离。分离出了许多能分解正十六烷和2,6,10,14-四甲基十五烷的细菌，但未富集到能分解芳香化合物的细菌。得出的结论是，芳香化合物分解缓慢是由于科威特沙漠土壤中分解芳香化合物的细菌数量较少。
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