Fernández Guerrero M L, Ramos J M, Núñez A, Cuenca M, de Górgolas M
Division of Infectious Diseases, Fundación Jiménez Diaz, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Spain.
Clin Infect Dis. 1997 Sep;25(3):690-7. doi: 10.1086/513747.
Bacteremia due to non-typhi Salmonella is frequent in human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-infected patients; however, focal complications rarely have been reported. Ten of 38 HIV-infected patients (26.3%) with salmonellosis documented over a period of 9 years had focal suppurative complications; only 19 (3.9%) of 490 adults without HIV infection who were seen during the same period had focal complications (P = .001). Infections of the urinary tract, lungs, and soft tissue, followed by arthritis, endocarditis, and meningitis were most frequently seen. Although salmonellosis occasionally heralded HIV infection, most patients were severely immunocompromised and had CD4 cell counts of <100/mm3. The mortality rate was 50%, equivalent to that observed among patients with other immunosuppressive disorders (52.6%). Major emphasis must be put on intensive therapy for salmonella bacteremia and prevention of its complications.
非伤寒沙门氏菌引起的菌血症在人类免疫缺陷病毒（HIV）感染患者中很常见；然而，局灶性并发症鲜有报道。在9年期间记录的38例感染沙门氏菌的HIV感染患者中，有10例（26.3%）出现了局灶性化脓性并发症；同期就诊的490例无HIV感染的成年人中，只有19例（3.9%）出现了局灶性并发症（P = 0.001）。最常见的是泌尿系统、肺部和软组织感染，其次是关节炎、心内膜炎和脑膜炎。虽然沙门氏菌病偶尔预示着HIV感染，但大多数患者免疫功能严重受损，CD4细胞计数<100/mm³。死亡率为50%，与其他免疫抑制性疾病患者的死亡率（52.6%）相当。必须高度重视沙门氏菌菌血症的强化治疗及其并发症的预防。
