Hanley G P, Piazza C C, Fisher W W, Contrucci S A, Maglieri K A
Neurobehavioral Unit, Kennedy Krieger Institute, Baltimore, Maryland 21205, USA.
J Appl Behav Anal. 1997 Fall;30(3):459-73. doi: 10.1901/jaba.1997.30-459.
Functional communication training (FCT) and noncontingent reinforcement (NCR) are commonly prescribed treatments that are based on the results of a functional analysis. Both treatments involve delivery of the reinforcer that is responsible for the maintenance of destructive behavior. One major difference between the two treatment procedures is that client responding determines reinforcement delivery with FCT (e.g., reinforcement of communication is delivered on a fixed-ratio 1 schedule) but not with NCR (e.g., reinforcement is delivered on a fixed-time 30-s schedule). In the current investigation, FCT and NCR were equally effective in reducing 2 participants' destructive behavior that was sensitive to attention as reinforcement. After the treatment analysis, the participants' relative preference for each treatment was evaluated using a modified concurrent-chains procedure. Both participants demonstrated a preference for the FCT procedure. The results are discussed in terms of treatment efficacy and preference for control over when reinforcement is delivered. In addition, a method is demonstrated in which clients with developmental disabilities can participate in selecting treatments that are designed to reduce their destructive behavior.
功能性沟通训练（FCT）和非连续性强化（NCR）是基于功能分析结果而常用的治疗方法。两种治疗方法都涉及提供对维持破坏性行为起作用的强化物。这两种治疗程序的一个主要区别在于，在FCT中，服务对象的反应决定强化物的提供（例如，按固定比例1的时间表提供沟通强化），而在NCR中则不是（例如，按固定时间30秒的时间表提供强化）。在当前的调查中，FCT和NCR在减少2名对作为强化物的注意力敏感的服务对象的破坏性行为方面同样有效。在治疗分析之后，使用改良的并发链程序评估了服务对象对每种治疗的相对偏好。两名服务对象都表现出对FCT程序的偏好。从治疗效果以及对强化物提供时间的控制偏好方面对结果进行了讨论。此外，还展示了一种方法，发育障碍患者可以通过该方法参与选择旨在减少其破坏性行为的治疗方法。
